大跨度建筑结构健康评价体系研究
Study on health assessment system of long-span building structure
摘 要
随着我国建设技术的不断进步，人民对居住条件的要求不断提升，大跨空间结构日益成为人们日常居住的必要条件。例如，由于我国高速铁路车站的钢材技术水平不断提高，许多新建成的高速铁路车站都已开始使用大跨径的钢材。在为用户提供良好的体验的同时，也为企业的安全风险控制提出了新的要求。
建筑物的安全性问题历来是人们关注的焦点。由于材料老化、地基沉降不均匀、荷载作用和自身的疲劳作用，加之各种突发的突发风险会对建筑物造成一定的破坏，从而导致建筑物的抗剪强度下降。从结构强度、刚度、边界及连接状况等几个角度对我国的民用建筑进行了评估。大跨度大跨度房屋的主要结构形式是大跨度的，它具有大跨度大、质量轻、柔度高、阻尼小等优点。此外，温度变化，风作用，振动环境，甚至负载荷都会对建筑物的性能有很大的影响。现有的评估方法无法完全地反应出企业的组织状况。
如果在发生结构失稳的情况下，应对其进行健康评估，并对其进行修复或加强，以避免其继续发生的安全隐患。基于大跨建筑的工程特性，基于系统安全性理论，建立了一套适用于大跨建筑的结构健康评估体系。该评价系统从安全、稳定、适用、耐用、灾害风险五个角度出发，通过 S型高速铁路车站实际运用，确实适用于铁路车站的实时监控。
关键词：结构安全 建筑结构 评价指标
Abstract
With the continuous progress of China's construction technology, the people's requirements for living conditions continue to rise, and the large-span spatial structure has increasingly become a necessary condition for people's daily living. For example, due to the continuous improvement of steel technology in China's high-speed railway stations, many newly built high-speed railway stations have begun to use large-span steel. While providing users with a good experience, it also puts forward new requirements for enterprise security risk control.
The safety of buildings has always been the focus of attention. Due to the aging of materials, uneven foundation settlement, load action and its own fatigue, and various sudden risks, the buildings will be damaged to a certain extent, resulting in the reduction of the shear strength of the buildings. The civil buildings in China are evaluated from the aspects of structural strength, stiffness, boundary and connection conditions. The main structural form of large-span and large-span houses is large-span, which has the advantages of large-span, light weight, high flexibility and small damping. In addition, temperature change, wind action, vibration environment and even load will have a great impact on the performance of buildings. The existing evaluation methods can not fully reflect the organizational status of enterprises.
In case of structural instability, health assessment shall be carried out and it shall be repaired or strengthened to avoid the potential safety hazard. Based on the engineering characteristics of long-span buildings and the system safety theory, a set of structural health assessment system suitable for long-span buildings is established. The evaluation system is really suitable for real-time monitoring of railway stations through the practical application of S-type high-speed railway stations from five perspectives of safety, stability, applicability, durability and disaster risk.
Key words: Structural safety Building structure evaluating indicator
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 前言 1
2 建筑结构健康评价的相关理论 2
2.1 结构的安全事故及成因 2
2.1.1 钢结构安全事故及成因 2
2.1.2 预应力结构 2
2.2 建筑结构的病害及其原因 3
2.2.1 混凝土结构常见病害 3
2.2.2 钢结构建筑常见病害及原因 3
2.3 安全系统工程理论 4
3 大跨度建筑结构健康评价体系构建 4
3.1 大跨度建筑结构及健康评价 4
3.1.1 大跨度建筑结构类型及特点 5
3.1.2 大跨度建筑与一般建筑区别 5
3.2 评价指标构建原则 6
3.3 评价指标构建原则 7
3.3.1 评价指标构建思路 7
3.3.2 评价指标应用 7
3.3.3 测度值的获取 8
4 S高铁站站房结构健康评价实例 9
4.1 工程背景 9
4.1.1 工程概况 9
4.1.2 结构特点和安全风险 9
4.2 评价指标体系和测度 10
4.2.1 构建指标体系 10
4.2.2 各项指标的测度 12
4.3 健康评价的结论 12
4.3.1 模糊综合评价方法 12
4.3.2 健康评价结果评定 13
4.3.3 健康综合评价 13
5 结论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
Study on health assessment system of long-span building structure
摘 要
随着我国建设技术的不断进步，人民对居住条件的要求不断提升，大跨空间结构日益成为人们日常居住的必要条件。例如，由于我国高速铁路车站的钢材技术水平不断提高，许多新建成的高速铁路车站都已开始使用大跨径的钢材。在为用户提供良好的体验的同时，也为企业的安全风险控制提出了新的要求。
建筑物的安全性问题历来是人们关注的焦点。由于材料老化、地基沉降不均匀、荷载作用和自身的疲劳作用，加之各种突发的突发风险会对建筑物造成一定的破坏，从而导致建筑物的抗剪强度下降。从结构强度、刚度、边界及连接状况等几个角度对我国的民用建筑进行了评估。大跨度大跨度房屋的主要结构形式是大跨度的，它具有大跨度大、质量轻、柔度高、阻尼小等优点。此外，温度变化，风作用，振动环境，甚至负载荷都会对建筑物的性能有很大的影响。现有的评估方法无法完全地反应出企业的组织状况。
如果在发生结构失稳的情况下，应对其进行健康评估，并对其进行修复或加强，以避免其继续发生的安全隐患。基于大跨建筑的工程特性，基于系统安全性理论，建立了一套适用于大跨建筑的结构健康评估体系。该评价系统从安全、稳定、适用、耐用、灾害风险五个角度出发，通过 S型高速铁路车站实际运用，确实适用于铁路车站的实时监控。
关键词：结构安全 建筑结构 评价指标
Abstract
With the continuous progress of China's construction technology, the people's requirements for living conditions continue to rise, and the large-span spatial structure has increasingly become a necessary condition for people's daily living. For example, due to the continuous improvement of steel technology in China's high-speed railway stations, many newly built high-speed railway stations have begun to use large-span steel. While providing users with a good experience, it also puts forward new requirements for enterprise security risk control.
The safety of buildings has always been the focus of attention. Due to the aging of materials, uneven foundation settlement, load action and its own fatigue, and various sudden risks, the buildings will be damaged to a certain extent, resulting in the reduction of the shear strength of the buildings. The civil buildings in China are evaluated from the aspects of structural strength, stiffness, boundary and connection conditions. The main structural form of large-span and large-span houses is large-span, which has the advantages of large-span, light weight, high flexibility and small damping. In addition, temperature change, wind action, vibration environment and even load will have a great impact on the performance of buildings. The existing evaluation methods can not fully reflect the organizational status of enterprises.
In case of structural instability, health assessment shall be carried out and it shall be repaired or strengthened to avoid the potential safety hazard. Based on the engineering characteristics of long-span buildings and the system safety theory, a set of structural health assessment system suitable for long-span buildings is established. The evaluation system is really suitable for real-time monitoring of railway stations through the practical application of S-type high-speed railway stations from five perspectives of safety, stability, applicability, durability and disaster risk.
Key words: Structural safety Building structure evaluating indicator
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 前言 1
2 建筑结构健康评价的相关理论 2
2.1 结构的安全事故及成因 2
2.1.1 钢结构安全事故及成因 2
2.1.2 预应力结构 2
2.2 建筑结构的病害及其原因 3
2.2.1 混凝土结构常见病害 3
2.2.2 钢结构建筑常见病害及原因 3
2.3 安全系统工程理论 4
3 大跨度建筑结构健康评价体系构建 4
3.1 大跨度建筑结构及健康评价 4
3.1.1 大跨度建筑结构类型及特点 5
3.1.2 大跨度建筑与一般建筑区别 5
3.2 评价指标构建原则 6
3.3 评价指标构建原则 7
3.3.1 评价指标构建思路 7
3.3.2 评价指标应用 7
3.3.3 测度值的获取 8
4 S高铁站站房结构健康评价实例 9
4.1 工程背景 9
4.1.1 工程概况 9
4.1.2 结构特点和安全风险 9
4.2 评价指标体系和测度 10
4.2.1 构建指标体系 10
4.2.2 各项指标的测度 12
4.3 健康评价的结论 12
4.3.1 模糊综合评价方法 12
4.3.2 健康评价结果评定 13
4.3.3 健康综合评价 13
5 结论 14
参考文献 15
致 谢 16
