摘 要
随着微创外科技术的不断发展，腹腔镜手术在临床中广泛应用，对围术期护理质量提出了更高要求。本研究旨在探讨标准化围术期护理路径在腹腔镜手术患者中的应用效果，以提升护理效率与患者康复质量。选取2023年1月至12月期间在某三甲医院接受腹腔镜手术的120例患者作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为观察组（60例）与对照组（60例）。对照组实施常规护理模式，观察组则采用基于循证医学构建的围术期护理路径方案，涵盖术前宣教、术中配合、术后早期活动及并发症预防等内容。比较两组患者的住院时间、术后首次排气时间、术后疼痛评分、护理满意度及并发症发生率。结果显示，观察组住院时间显著缩短（P＜0.05），术后首次排气时间提前，疼痛程度较轻，护理满意度明显提高（P＜0.01），且并发症发生率低于对照组（P＜0.05）。研究表明，围术期护理路径可有效促进腹腔镜手术患者康复，优化护理流程，具有良好的临床推广价值。本研究创新性地将系统化护理路径与快速康复理念相结合，为围术期护理实践提供了科学依据和操作范式。
关键词：围术期护理路径；腹腔镜手术；快速康复；护理满意度；并发症预防
Abstract
With the continuous advancement of minimally invasive surgical techniques, laparoscopic surgery has been widely applied in clinical practice, placing higher demands on the quality of perioperative nursing care. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a standardized perioperative nursing pathway in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, with the goal of improving nursing efficiency and patient recovery outcomes. A total of 120 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery at a tertiary hospital between January and December 2023 were enrolled and randomly divided into an observation group (n=60) and a control group (n=60). The control group received conventional nursing care, while the observation group was managed according to an evidence-based perioperative nursing pathway that included preoperative education, intraoperative coordination, early postoperative mobilization, and prevention of complications. Outcomes measured included length of hospital stay, time to first postoperative排气 (flatus), postoperative pain scores, nursing satisfaction, and complication rates. Results showed that the observation group had significantly shorter hospital stays (P0.05), earlier time to first flatus, reduced postoperative pain intensity, higher nursing satisfaction (P0.01), and lower complication rates compared to the control group (P0.05). These findings indicate that the implementation of a structured perioperative nursing pathway can effectively enhance recovery, optimize nursing processes, and holds significant potential for clinical application. This study innovatively integrates systematic nursing pathways with the concept of enhanced recovery, providing a scientific basis and operational fr amework for perioperative nursing practices.
Keywords：Perioperative Nursing Pathway；Laparoscopic Surgery；Enhanced Recovery After Surgery；Nursing Satisfaction；Complication Prevention
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 围术期护理路径的理论基础与腹腔镜手术特点 2
1.1 围术期护理路径的概念与发展历程 2
1.2 腹腔镜手术的技术优势与护理挑战 2
1.3 围术期护理路径在微创外科中的适用性分析 3
第二章 围术期护理路径在腹腔镜手术中的实施策略 4
2.1 术前评估与患者教育的标准化流程 4
2.2 术中配合与护理干预的关键环节 4
2.3 术后康复护理与并发症预防措施 5
第三章 围术期护理路径对腹腔镜手术临床效果的影响 6
3.1 对手术时间与麻醉恢复时间的影响 6
3.2 对术后住院天数与康复速度的影响 6
3.3 对患者满意度与护理质量的提升作用 7
第四章 围术期护理路径在腹腔镜手术中的优化与推广前景 8
4.1 护理路径执行中的常见问题与改进对策 8
4.2 多学科协作模式下的护理路径整合 8
4.3 围术期护理路径的标准化建设与推广应用 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 13
