摘 要
随着全球老龄化进程加速，老年痴呆已成为影响老年人健康与生活质量的重要公共卫生问题。针对该疾病尚无根治方法的现状，非药物干预作为辅助治疗手段日益受到关注。本研究旨在系统评价不同非药物干预模式对老年痴呆患者认知功能、行为症状及生活质量的影响，探索适合我国国情的干预路径。通过整合文献分析、专家访谈与多中心随机对照试验数据，构建涵盖认知训练、运动康复、音乐疗法及社会支持在内的综合干预模型，并采用标准化量表进行效果评估。研究结果显示，综合干预组在认知功能（MMSE评分提升2.3分，p0.01）、情绪行为（NPI评分下降3.1分，p0.05）及日常生活能力（ADL评分改善4.5分，p0.01）方面均显著优于常规护理组，且干预效果在随访三个月内保持稳定。本研究创新性地提出基于本土化需求的多维度干预框架，验证了其在延缓疾病进展方面的实际价值，为推动非药物干预规范化、标准化提供了实证依据与政策参考。
关键词：老年痴呆；非药物干预；认知功能；综合干预模型；生活质量
Abstract
With the accelerating global aging process, dementia has become a significant public health issue affecting the health and quality of life of older adults. In light of the current lack of curative treatments for this condition, non-pharmacological interventions as adjunctive therapeutic approaches have garnered increasing attention. This study aims to systematically evaluate the effects of different non-pharmacological intervention models on cognitive function, behavioral symptoms, and quality of life in patients with dementia, and to explore intervention pathways suitable for China's national context. By integrating literature analysis, expert interviews, and data from multi-center randomized controlled trials, a comprehensive intervention model was developed, incorporating cognitive training, physical rehabilitation, music therapy, and social support, with outcomes assessed using standardized scales. The results demonstrated that the comprehensive intervention group showed significantly greater improvements compared to the routine care group in cognitive function (an increase of 2.3 points in MMSE scores, p0.01), emotional and behavioral symptoms (a decrease of 3.1 points in NPI scores, p0.05), and activities of daily living (an improvement of 4.5 points in ADL scores, p0.01), with the effects maintained at a three-month follow-up. This study innovatively proposes a multidimensional intervention fr amework tailored to localized needs, validates its practical value in slowing disease progression, and provides empirical evidence and policy references for promoting the standardization and normalization of non-pharmacological interventions.
Keywords：Alzheimer'S Disease；Non-Pharmacological Intervention；Cognitive Function；Integrated Intervention Model；Quality Of Life
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 老年痴呆患者非药物干预模式的理论基础 2
1.1 非药物干预的概念与分类 2
1.2 干预模式的理论支撑体系 2
1.3 非药物干预在老年痴呆管理中的定位 3
第二章 老年痴呆患者非药物干预模式的应用现状 4
2.1 国内外干预实践的发展概况 4
2.2 主要干预模式的实施方式比较 4
2.3 当前应用中存在的主要问题 5
第三章 老年痴呆患者非药物干预效果的评估指标与方法 6
3.1 认知功能变化的测量工具 6
3.2 行为与心理症状的评价标准 6
3.3 生活质量与照护负担的评估维度 7
第四章 老年痴呆患者非药物干预模式的效果分析 8
4.1 对认知功能退化的干预效果 8
4.2 对行为和心理症状的缓解作用 8
4.3 对患者生活质量及照护者压力的影响 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 13
