摘 要
随着城市化进程的加快，地铁隧道施工对邻近建筑物的影响成为工程领域的重要研究课题。本研究旨在系统分析地铁隧道施工过程中对周边建筑物产生的影响，并提出有效的控制措施以保障建筑物的安全性和稳定性。研究采用理论分析与现场监测相结合的方法，通过建立数值模型模拟隧道开挖过程中的地层变形规律，结合实际工程案例进行验证。结果表明，地铁隧道施工会引起地表沉降、土体位移及建筑物基础不均匀沉降等问题，其影响程度与地质条件、施工方法及建筑物自身特性密切相关。针对上述问题，本研究提出了基于实时监测数据反馈的动态调整策略，优化了支护参数和施工工艺，显著降低了施工对邻近建筑物的影响。此外，创新性地引入了智能预警系统，实现了对潜在风险的及时识别与有效防控。研究的主要贡献在于为类似工程提供了科学依据和技术支持，同时为复杂环境下地铁隧道施工的安全管理提供了新思路。研究成果对促进城市地下空间开发与保护既有建筑结构具有重要意义。
关键词：地铁隧道施工；邻近建筑物影响；地层变形；动态调整策略；智能预警系统
ABSTRACT
With the acceleration of urbanization, the impact of metro tunnel construction on adjacent buildings has become an important research topic in the engineering field. This study aims to systematically analyze the effects of metro tunnel construction on surrounding buildings and propose effective control measures to ensure their safety and stability. A combination of theoretical analysis and field monitoring was employed, involving the establishment of a numerical model to simulate the deformation patterns of soil layers during tunnel excavation, which was further validated through actual engineering cases. The results indicate that metro tunnel construction can lead to surface settlement, soil displacement, and uneven settlement of building foundations, with the extent of these impacts being closely related to geological conditions, construction methods, and the inherent characteristics of the buildings themselves. In response to these issues, this study proposes a dynamic adjustment strategy based on real-time monitoring data feedback, optimizing support parameters and construction techniques, thereby significantly reducing the influence of construction on nearby buildings. Additionally, an innovative intelligent early warning system was introduced to enable timely identification and effective management of potential risks. The primary contribution of this research lies in providing scientific evidence and technical support for similar projects, as well as offering new insights into the safety management of metro tunnel construction in complex environments. The findings are of great significance in promoting the development of urban underground spaces while ensuring the protection of existing building structures.
Keywords: Metro Tunnel Construction; Adjacent Building Impact; Stratum Deformation; Dynamic Adjustment Strategy; Intelligent Early Warning System
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 2
1.1 地铁隧道施工影响研究背景与意义 2
1.2 国内外研究现状综述 2
1.3 本文研究方法与技术路线 3
第2章 地铁隧道施工对建筑物的影响机制分析 4
2.1 地下工程施工诱发的地层变形 4
2.2 隧道施工对建筑物基础的影响 4
2.3 建筑物结构响应与损伤机理 5
第3章 地铁隧道施工影响的监测与评估方法 6
3.1 施工过程中的地表沉降监测技术 6
3.2 建筑物变形监测与数据分析 6
3.3 影响评估模型与风险分级 7
第4章 地铁隧道施工影响的控制措施研究 8
4.1 改进施工工艺以减少影响 8
4.2 结构加固与保护技术应用 8
4.3 监测预警体系的构建与实施 9
结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
