摘 要
随着抗生素滥用导致的耐药菌感染问题日益严重，抗菌肽因其独特的抗菌机制和较低的耐药性风险而受到广泛关注。本研究旨在探讨抗菌肽在耐药菌感染治疗中的作用机制及其潜在应用价值。通过体外实验与动物模型相结合的方法，系统分析了多种代表性抗菌肽对常见耐药菌（如MRSA和CRE）的作用效果，并进一步揭示其膜破坏、免疫调节及信号通路干预等多重作用机制。结果表明，抗菌肽可通过选择性靶向细菌细胞膜，诱导膜电位紊乱和内容物泄漏，从而实现快速杀菌；同时，部分抗菌肽能够激活宿主免疫反应，增强机体对病原体的清除能力。此外，研究发现特定修饰的抗菌肽在降低毒性和提高稳定性的基础上，显著增强了抗耐药菌活性。本研究不仅为抗菌肽的临床转化提供了理论依据，还提出了基于抗菌肽的联合治疗策略，为解决耐药菌感染难题开辟了新途径。关键词：抗菌肽; 耐药菌感染; 膜破坏机制; 免疫调节; 联合治疗策略
Abstract
With the increasing severity of drug-resistant bacterial infections caused by the misuse of antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have garnered significant attention due to their unique antibacterial mechanisms and low risk of resistance development. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of action and potential applications of AMPs in the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. By integrating in vitro experiments with animal models, we systematically analyzed the effects of various representative AMPs on common drug-resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and further elucidated their multiple mechanisms of action, including membrane disruption, immune modulation, and interference with signaling pathways. The results demonstrated that AMPs can selectively target bacterial cell membranes, inducing membrane potential disruption and content leakage, thereby achieving rapid bactericidal effects. Simultaneously, certain AMPs were found to activate host immune responses, enhancing the body's ability to clear pathogens. Additionally, the study revealed that specifically modified AMPs significantly improved anti-drug-resistant bacterial activity while reducing toxicity and improving stability. This research not only provides a theoretical basis for the clinical translation of AMPs but also proposes combination therapy strategies based on AMPs, offering new avenues for addressing the challenge of drug-resistant bacterial infections.
Key words:Antimicrobial Peptide; Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection; Membrane Disruption Mechanism; Immune Modulation; Combination Therapy Strategy
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、抗菌肽的结构与功能特性 3
1.1、抗菌肽的分子结构特征 3
1.2、抗菌肽的功能多样性分析 3
1.3、结构与功能的相关性研究 4
第2章、耐药菌感染的机制与挑战 5
2.1、耐药菌的形成机制解析 5
2.2、耐药菌感染的临床挑战 5
2.3、现有治疗策略的局限性 6
第3章、抗菌肽对耐药菌的作用机制 7
3.1、细胞膜破坏作用的研究 7
3.2、内部靶点干扰机制探讨 7
3.3、免疫调节功能的作用分析 7
第4章、抗菌肽在临床应用中的前景与优化 9
4.1、抗菌肽的开发与设计策略 9
4.2、临床转化的关键技术问题 9
4.3、应用前景与未来发展方向 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
