摘 要
随着全球能源需求的持续增长和环境问题的日益严峻，智能电网作为实现能源高效利用与可持续发展的关键技术，已成为研究热点。本研究聚焦于基于物联网技术的分布式能源管理系统的设计与实现，旨在通过先进的传感、通信及数据处理技术优化能源分配与管理效率。研究以物联网为核心架构，结合大数据分析与人工智能算法，提出了一种新型分布式能源管理框架，该框架能够实时监测能源生产与消耗情况，并通过智能调度策略提升系统整体性能。具体而言，研究开发了基于边缘计算的数据采集与处理模块，显著降低了数据传输延迟与中心服务器负载；同时引入了强化学习算法以动态调整能源分配策略，从而适应复杂多变的用电场景。实验结果表明，所提出的系统在能源利用率、负荷平衡能力以及故障响应速度等方面均表现出优异性能，相较于传统集中式管理模式，其能效提升了约15%，并有效减少了能源浪费与碳排放。
关键词：智能电网 分布式能源管理 物联网
Abstract
As global energy demand continues to grow and environmental issues become increasingly severe, smart grids, as a key technology for achieving efficient energy use and sustainable development, have become a research hotspot. This study focuses on the design and implementation of a distributed energy management system based on IoT technology, aiming to optimize energy distribution and management efficiency through advanced sensing, communication, and data processing technologies. The research centers on an IoT-based architecture, integrating big data analysis and artificial intelligence algorithms to propose a new distributed energy management fr amework. This fr amework can monitor energy production and consumption in real-time and enhance overall system performance through intelligent scheduling strategies. Specifically, the study developed a data collection and processing module based on edge computing, significantly reducing data transmission latency and central server load; it also introduced reinforcement learning algorithms to dynamically adjust energy allocation strategies, thereby adapting to complex and changing electricity usage scenarios. Experimental results show that the proposed system demonstrates excellent performance in terms of energy utilization, load balancing capabilities, and fault response speed. Compared to traditional centralized management models, its energy efficiency has improved by about 15%, effectively reducing energy waste and carbon emissions.
Keyword:Smart Grid Distributed Energy Management Internet Of Things
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1智能电网与物联网的融合发展背景 1
1.2分布式能源管理系统的研究意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
1.4本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2物联网在智能电网中的关键技术应用 2
2.1数据采集与传输技术分析 2
2.2传感器网络在能源管理中的作用 3
2.3边缘计算对分布式系统的支持 3
2.4数据融合与处理的技术实现 4
2.5关键技术的应用挑战与优化 4
3分布式能源管理系统的架构设计 4
3.1系统整体架构的设计原则 5
3.2物联网平台与智能电网的集成方案 5
3.3能源数据的分层管理机制 6
3.4分布式节点的协同控制策略 6
3.5系统架构的安全性保障措施 7
4基于物联网的分布式能源优化管理策略 7
4.1能源分配与调度的优化模型 7
4.2实时监控与动态调整机制 7
4.3用户侧需求响应的实现路径 8
4.4能耗预测与节能潜力评估 8
4.5管理策略的实际应用案例分析 9
结论 9
参考文献 11
致谢 12
