摘 要
软土地基广泛分布于沿海及河湖地区，因其低承载力和高压缩性对建筑物沉降控制构成重大挑战。本研究旨在针对软土地基上建筑物的沉降问题，提出系统化的控制技术与工程实践方案。通过理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验相结合的方法，深入探讨了地基加固技术（如预压法、桩基础法和复合地基法）在不同地质条件下的适用性和优化策略。研究创新性地引入了基于智能监测系统的实时沉降预测模型，结合机器学习算法提高了预测精度，并为动态调整施工参数提供了科学依据。通过对多个实际工程案例的分析，验证了所提方法的有效性和经济性。结果表明，采用优化后的地基处理技术可显著降低建筑物的不均匀沉降风险，提升结构安全性与耐久性。此外，本研究还提出了适用于复杂地质条件的多层耦合计算模型，进一步完善了软土地基沉降控制的理论体系。总体而言，本研究不仅为软土地基上的建筑工程提供了可靠的技术支持，也为相关领域的理论发展做出了重要贡献。
关键词：软土地基；沉降控制；地基加固技术
ABSTRACT
Soft soil foundations are widely distributed in coastal and river-lake areas, posing significant challenges to settlement control due to their low bearing capacity and high compressibility. This study aims to address the settlement issues of structures built on soft soil foundations by proposing systematic control technologies and engineering implementation solutions. By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field experiments, this research thoroughly investigates the applicability and optimization strategies of various foundation reinforcement techniques, including preloading, pile foundation, and composite foundation methods, under different geological conditions. Innovatively, a real-time settlement prediction model based on an intelligent monitoring system is introduced, which, combined with machine learning algorithms, enhances prediction accuracy and provides a scientific basis for dynamically adjusting construction parameters. Through the analysis of multiple practical engineering cases, the effectiveness and economic efficiency of the proposed methods are validated. The results indicate that the adoption of optimized foundation treatment technologies can significantly reduce the risk of differential settlement, thereby improving structural safety and durability. Furthermore, this study proposes a multi-layer coupled calculation model suitable for complex geological conditions, further refining the theoretical fr amework for settlement control of soft soil foundations. Overall, this research not only offers reliable technical support for construction projects on soft soil foundations but also makes important contributions to the theoretical development of related fields.
Keywords: Soft Soil Foundation; Settlement Control; Foundation Reinforcement Technology
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 软土地基沉降控制的研究背景 1
1.2 软土地基沉降控制的研究意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状综述 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 软土地基沉降机理分析 3
2.1 软土地基的基本特性 3
2.2 沉降产生的主要因素 3
2.3 土体变形与应力分布规律 4
2.4 时间-沉降关系模型构建 4
2.5 沉降预测的关键参数分析 5
第3章 沉降控制技术体系研究 6
3.1 常见沉降控制技术分类 6
3.2 复合地基技术的应用研究 6
3.3 预压加固法的优化设计 7
3.4 排水固结法的技术改进 7
3.5 新型材料在沉降控制中的应用 8
第4章 工程实践与案例分析 9
4.1 实践项目概况与目标设定 9
4.2 沉降监测技术与数据分析 9
4.3 典型工程案例的实施过程 10
4.4 控制效果评估与问题反思 10
4.5 工程实践经验总结与推广 11
结论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
