摘 要
随着物联网技术的快速发展，智能家居作为其重要应用场景之一，已成为研究热点。然而，当前智能家居系统在通信架构设计方面仍面临设备异构性、数据传输效率及系统安全性等诸多挑战。为此，本文旨在设计一种高效、灵活且安全的基于物联网的智能家居通信架构。通过引入边缘计算与分布式节点管理机制，该架构能够显著提升数据处理速度并降低网络延迟。同时，采用模块化设计方法，确保系统具备良好的可扩展性和兼容性，以支持多类型智能设备的接入。实验结果表明，所提出的架构在数据传输效率和能耗控制方面均优于传统方案，特别是在高负载环境下表现出更优的稳定性。此外，通过集成先进的加密算法，进一步增强了系统的安全性。本研究的创新点在于将边缘计算与物联网深度融合，并提出了一种新型的分布式通信协议，为智能家居系统的优化设计提供了新思路，具有重要的理论价值和实际应用前景。
关键词：物联网；智能家居通信架构；边缘计算
Abstract
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, smart home systems, as one of its key application scenarios, have become a research hotspot. However, current smart home systems still face numerous challenges in communication architecture design, including device heterogeneity, data transmission efficiency, and system security. To address these issues, this paper aims to design an efficient, flexible, and secure IoT-based smart home communication architecture. By incorporating edge computing and distributed node management mechanisms, the proposed architecture significantly enhances data processing speed and reduces network latency. Meanwhile, a modular design approach is adopted to ensure the system has excellent scalability and compatibility, supporting the connection of multiple types of smart devices. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed architecture outperforms traditional solutions in terms of data transmission efficiency and energy consumption control, particularly exhibiting superior stability under high-load conditions. Furthermore, by integrating advanced encryption algorithms, the security of the system is further strengthened. The innovation of this study lies in the deep integration of edge computing with IoT and the proposal of a novel distributed communication protocol, which provides new insights for the optimized design of smart home systems and holds significant theoretical value and practical application potential.
Keywords: Internet Of Things；Smart Home Communication Architecture；Edge Computing
目 录
引言 1
一、智能家居通信需求分析 1
（一）用户需求与场景分析 1
（二）物联网技术适配性研究 1
（三）通信架构功能需求定义 2
二、智能家居通信协议选择 2
（一）常见通信协议对比分析 2
（二）协议性能评估指标体系 3
（三）针对性协议优化策略 3
三、智能家居网络架构设计 4
（一）网络拓扑结构设计原则 4
（二）数据传输与路由机制研究 4
（三）安全与隐私保护方案 5
四、架构实现与性能测试 5
（一）系统原型开发与部署 5
（二）实验环境与测试方法 5
（三）测试结果分析与改进 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
