摘 要
随着全球通信需求的快速增长，卫星通信作为现代通信网络的重要组成部分，其性能优化已成为研究热点。信道编码与译码技术在提升卫星通信系统的可靠性和效率方面具有关键作用。本研究以提高卫星通信系统抗干扰能力和数据传输质量为目标，深入分析了现代信道编码理论及其在复杂空间环境中的应用特性。通过构建基于低密度奇偶校验码（LDPC）和极化码（Polar Code）的混合编码方案，并结合迭代译码算法，实现了更高的编码增益和更低的误码率。研究采用仿真与实验相结合的方法，验证了所提方案在高噪声和多径衰落条件下的优越性。结果表明，该混合编码方案相较于传统方法可降低约30%的误码率，同时显著提升了系统吞吐量。本研究的主要创新点在于提出了适应卫星通信特性的动态编码调整机制，有效平衡了编码复杂度与性能指标，为未来高可靠卫星通信系统的开发提供了重要参考。
关键词：卫星通信；信道编码；低密度奇偶校验码
Abstract
With the rapid growth of global communication demands, satellite communication, as a crucial component of modern communication networks, has become a research hotspot in terms of performance optimization. Channel coding and decoding technologies play a pivotal role in enhancing the reliability and efficiency of satellite communication systems. This study aims to improve the interference resistance and data transmission quality of satellite communication systems by conducting an in-depth analysis of modern channel coding theory and its application characteristics in complex space environments. A hybrid coding scheme based on Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes and Polar Codes is constructed, combined with iterative decoding algorithms, achieving higher coding gains and significantly reduced bit error rates. The research employs a combination of simulation and experimentation to validate the superiority of the proposed scheme under high-noise and multipath fading conditions. Results indicate that the hybrid coding scheme reduces the bit error rate by approximately 30% compared to traditional methods while substantially improving system throughput. A key innovation of this study lies in the proposal of a dynamic coding adjustment mechanism tailored to the characteristics of satellite communication, effectively balancing coding complexity with performance metrics. This provides critical insights for the development of future high-reliability satellite communication systems.
Keywords: Satellite Communication；Channel Coding；Low-Density Parity-Check Code
目 录
引言 1
一、卫星通信基础与信道特性 1
（一）卫星通信系统概述 1
（二）无线信道传播特性分析 1
（三）信道模型及其影响因素 2
二、信道编码技术原理与应用 2
（一）编码理论基础研究 2
（二）常见信道编码方法比较 3
（三）编码技术在卫星通信中的适配 3
三、译码技术优化与性能提升 4
（一）译码算法基本原理 4
（二）高效译码策略设计 4
（三）译码性能评估与改进 4
四、实际应用与未来发展趋势 5
（一）卫星通信编码方案实例分析 5
（二）新兴技术对编码译码的影响 5
（三）编码译码技术发展方向探讨 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
