摘 要
随着5G及未来6G通信技术的快速发展，毫米波频段因其丰富的频谱资源成为研究热点，但其传播损耗大、覆盖范围有限等问题对天线设计提出了更高要求本研究聚焦毫米波通信中天线的设计与性能优化，旨在通过创新性设计方案提升天线在高频率环境下的辐射效率和方向性首先，采用新型超材料结构与阵列天线相结合的方法，有效改善了天线的增益和带宽特性其次，提出一种基于人工智能算法的天线参数优化策略，显著降低了系统互耦效应并提高了能量传输效率实验结果表明，所设计的天线在28GHz和60GHz频段内均展现出优异的辐射性能和稳定性，同时实现了小型化与低剖面目标此外，该研究还验证了优化后天线在多场景应用中的适应能力，为毫米波通信系统的实际部署提供了重要参考总体而言，本研究不仅推动了毫米波天线技术的发展，还为未来高性能无线通信网络建设奠定了坚实基础
关键词：毫米波天线；超材料结构；人工智能优化
Abstract
With the rapid development of 5G and future 6G communication technologies, the millimeter-wave band has become a research hotspot due to its abundant spectrum resources. However, challenges such as high propagation loss and limited coverage impose higher requirements on antenna design. This study focuses on the design and performance optimization of antennas for millimeter-wave communications, aiming to enhance the radiation efficiency and directivity of antennas in high-frequency environments through innovative design approaches. First, a novel me tamaterial structure combined with array antennas was employed, effectively improving the gain and bandwidth characteristics of the antennas. Second, an antenna parameter optimization strategy based on artificial intelligence algorithms was proposed, significantly reducing system mutual coupling effects and enhancing energy transmission efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed antennas exhibit excellent radiation performance and stability in both the 28GHz and 60GHz bands, while achieving miniaturization and low-profile ob jectives. Furthermore, this study verifies the adaptability of the optimized antennas in multiple application scenarios, providing critical references for the practical deployment of millimeter-wave communication systems. Overall, this research not only advances the development of millimeter-wave antenna technology but also lays a solid foundation for the construction of future high-performance wireless communication networks.
Keywords: Millimeter-Wave Antenna；me ta-Material Structure；Artificial Intelligence Optimization
目 录
引言 1
一、毫米波通信基础与挑战 1
（一）毫米波频段特性分析 1
（二）毫米波通信关键技术概述 2
（三）毫米波天线设计的主要挑战 2
二、天线设计方法与优化策略 2
（一）阵列天线的设计原理 2
（二）波束成形技术的应用研究 3
（三）天线小型化与宽带化设计 3
三、性能优化的关键因素分析 4
（一）信道环境对性能的影响 4
（二）天线效率与增益优化研究 4
（三）干扰抑制与信号完整性提升 5
四、实验验证与应用前景探讨 5
（一）天线原型的测试与评估 5
（二）实际场景中的性能表现分析 5
（三）毫米波天线未来发展趋势 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
