摘 要
随着物联网技术的快速发展，设备间通信协议的兼容性问题日益凸显，成为制约系统互操作性和扩展性的关键因素。本研究旨在分析当前主流物联网通信协议的兼容性特征及其对系统性能的影响，并提出一种基于多层次评估模型的兼容性分析方法。通过构建协议功能矩阵和性能指标体系，结合实际测试数据，量化评估了不同协议在传输效率、安全性及资源消耗等方面的差异。研究结果表明，现有协议在低功耗场景下的兼容性表现存在显著差异，且部分协议在跨平台应用中面临较大的适配挑战。本文创新性地引入动态适配机制，有效提升了异构设备间的通信效率与稳定性。该研究为物联网系统的设计与优化提供了理论支持和技术参考，具有重要的实践价值。
关键词：物联网通信协议；兼容性分析；多层次评估模型
Abstract
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the compatibility issues of communication protocols between devices have become increasingly prominent, becoming a critical factor that constrains system interoperability and scalability. This study aims to analyze the compatibility characteristics of current mainstream IoT communication protocols and their impacts on system performance, proposing a compatibility analysis method based on a multi-level evaluation model. By constructing a protocol function matrix and a performance indicator system, combined with actual test data, this research quantitatively evaluates the differences among various protocols in terms of transmission efficiency, security, and resource consumption. The results indicate that there are significant variations in the compatibility performance of existing protocols under low-power scenarios, and some protocols face considerable adaptation challenges in cross-platform applications. This paper innovatively introduces a dynamic adaptation mechanism, effectively enhancing the communication efficiency and stability between heterogeneous devices. This research provides theoretical support and technical references for the design and optimization of IoT systems, demonstrating important practical value.
Keywords: Internet Of Things Communication Protocol；Compatibility Analysis；Multi-Level Evaluation Model
目 录
引言 1
一、物联网通信协议概述 1
（一）通信协议基本概念 1
（二）主流物联网协议分类 2
（三）协议兼容性研究意义 2
二、兼容性影响因素分析 3
（一）硬件差异对兼容性的影响 3
（二）软件架构的限制与挑战 3
（三）网络环境的适应性要求 3
三、兼容性评估方法研究 4
（一）兼容性评估指标体系构建 4
（二）测试框架与工具选择 4
（三）实验数据采集与分析 5
四、兼容性优化策略探讨 5
（一）协议转换技术的应用 5
（二）标准化方案的设计 6
（三）未来发展方向预测 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
