标准必要专利的FRAND原则法律适用困境 -法学专业

摘要

标准必要专利（SEP）作为技术创新与市场竞争的核心纽带，其FRAND原则的法律适用在国际知识产权领域引发了广泛争议。本文旨在探讨FRAND原则在司法实践中的困境及其解决路径，通过分析典型案件和比较不同法域的裁判规则，揭示当前法律框架下存在的模糊性与不确定性。研究采用规范分析与实证研究相结合的方法，梳理了FRAND承诺的形成机制、费率确定的标准以及禁令救济的适用条件，并结合经济学理论评估其对市场公平竞争的影响。研究表明，FRAND原则在实际操作中面临费率计算缺乏统一标准、滥用市场支配地位界定困难以及司法管辖权冲突等问题。本文创新性地提出构建一个多维度的费率评估模型，并建议通过国际合作协调不同法域的法律适用，以实现更公平合理的纠纷解决机制。

关键词：标准必要专利；FRAND原则；费率评估；司法管辖权；市场竞争

Legal Challenges in the Application of FRAND Principles to Standard-Essential Patents

英文人名

Directive teacher:×××

Abstract

As the core link between technological innovation and market competition, Standard Essential Patent (SEP), the legal application of FRAND principle, has aroused wide controversy in the international intellectual property field. This paper aims to explore the dilemma of FRAND principle in judicial practice and its solution path, and reveal the ambiguity and uncertainty existing in the current legal fr amework by analyzing typical cases and comparing the adjudication rules of different jurisdictions. This study uses the method of normative analysis and empirical research to sort out the formation mechanism of FRAND commitment, the standard of rate determination and the application conditions of injunctive relief, and evaluates its impact on fair competition in the market based on economic theory. The research shows that the FRAND principle faces some problems in practice, such as lack of uniform standard in rate calculation, difficulty in defining abuse of market dominance and conflict of jurisdiction. This paper innovatively proposes to construct a multi-dimensional rate assessment model, and proposes to coordinate the application of laws in different jurisdictions through international cooperation in order to achieve a fairer and more reasonable dispute resolution mechanism.

Keywords: Standard Essential Patent；Frand Principle；Rate Assessment；Judicial Jurisdiction；Market Competition

引言 1

一、FRAND原则的基本内涵与适用背景 1

(一)FRAND原则的核心要素分析 1

(二)标准必要专利的法律特性 2

(三)FRAND原则在SEP许可中的作用 3

二、FRAND原则适用中的主要困境 3

(一)合理费率确定的复杂性 3

(二)非歧视义务的界定难题 4

(三)不同司法辖区的规则冲突 4

三、困境形成的原因剖析 5

(一)技术标准化过程中的利益博弈 5