摘 要
随着物联网技术的快速发展，室内定位与无线网络的应用需求日益增长，而传统定位技术在复杂环境下的精度和稳定性面临诸多挑战。本研究以超宽带（UWB）技术为核心，探索其在高精度室内定位及无线通信中的应用潜力，旨在解决现有技术在复杂场景下的局限性。通过构建基于UWB的混合定位算法模型，并结合多维度信号特征提取方法，实现了对目标位置的实时精准估计。同时，研究提出了一种优化的信道接入机制，有效提升了网络资源利用率和系统容量。实验结果表明，所提出的算法在动态复杂环境中能够达到亚分米级定位精度，且具备较强的抗干扰能力。此外，该研究还验证了UWB技术在智能建筑、医疗监护和工业自动化等领域的广泛应用价值。主要创新点在于将UWB信号的时间和空间特性深度融合，提出了适用于多场景的自适应定位框架，并通过理论分析与实测数据相结合的方式，为未来高精度定位系统的开发提供了新的思路和技术支撑。研究表明，UWB技术在提升室内定位精度和无线网络性能方面具有显著优势，为相关领域的发展奠定了坚实基础。
关键词：超宽带技术；室内定位；混合定位算法；信道接入机制；亚分米级精度
With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, the demand for indoor positioning and wireless network applications has been growing steadily. However, traditional positioning technologies face numerous challenges regarding accuracy and stability in complex environments. This study focuses on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology to explore its potential in high-precision indoor positioning and wireless communication, aiming to address the limitations of existing technologies in complex scenarios. By constructing a hybrid positioning algorithm model based on UWB and integrating multi-dimensional signal feature extraction methods, real-time and precise estimation of target positions is achieved. Additionally, an optimized channel access mechanism is proposed, effectively enhancing network resource utilization and system capacity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve sub-decimeter-level positioning accuracy in dynamic and complex environments while exhibiting strong interference resistance. Furthermore, this research validates the extensive application value of UWB technology in smart buildings, medical monitoring, and industrial automation. The primary innovation lies in the deep integration of temporal and spatial characteristics of UWB signals, proposing an adaptive positioning fr amework suitable for multiple scenarios. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and empirical data, this study provides new insights and technical support for the development of future high-precision positioning systems. The findings indicate that UWB technology holds significant advantages in improving indoor positioning accuracy and wireless network performance, laying a solid foundation for advancements in related fields.
Keywords: Ultra-Wideband Technology; Indoor Positioning; Hybrid Localization Algorithm; Channel Access Mechanism; Sub-Decimeter-Level Accuracy
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1基于超宽带技术的研究背景与意义 1
1.2室内定位与无线网络应用的现状分析 1
1.3本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2超宽带技术原理与关键特性 2
2.1超宽带技术的基本概念与特点 2
2.2超宽带信号传输机制分析 3
2.3超宽带技术在定位中的优势探讨 3
2.4超宽带技术与其他定位技术的对比 4
2.5超宽带技术的核心挑战与解决方案 4
3室内定位系统设计与实现 4
3.1室内定位系统的架构设计 5
3.2超宽带定位算法的研究与优化 5
3.3数据采集与处理的关键技术 5
3.4系统精度与稳定性的评估方法 6
3.5实验验证与结果分析 6
4超宽带技术在无线网络中的应用 7
4.1超宽带技术在物联网中的应用前景 7
4.2面向智能建筑的无线网络设计 7
4.3超宽带技术在医疗领域的应用案例 8
4.4超宽带技术在工业自动化中的实践 8
4.5应用场景扩展与未来发展方向 9
结论 9
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
