摘要
随着软件系统复杂度的持续提升，传统手动测试已难以满足高效、精准的质量保障需求，构建自动化测试框架成为当前软件工程领域的研究热点。本研究旨在设计并实现一种通用性强、扩展性优的软件测试自动化框架，以提高测试效率和覆盖范围。为此，研究结合了模块化设计理念与脚本驱动技术，提出了一种基于插件机制的动态扩展架构，能够灵活适配多种测试场景和技术栈。同时，通过引入机器学习算法优化测试用例选择与执行顺序，显著降低了资源消耗并提升了缺陷检测能力。实验结果表明，该框架在实际项目中的应用可将测试时间缩短约40%，并将测试覆盖率提升至95%以上。此外，框架支持多平台兼容及分布式执行，为大规模系统测试提供了可靠解决方案。本研究的主要创新点在于将智能化技术融入传统自动化测试流程，并通过模块化设计增强了框架的适应性与可维护性，为软件质量保障领域提供了新的思路与实践参考。研究成果对推动软件测试自动化技术的发展具有重要意义。
关键词：软件测试自动化；机器学习优化；插件机制；模块化设计；测试覆盖率
Abstract
With the continuous increase in software system complexity, traditional manual testing has become insufficient to meet the demands for efficient and precise quality assurance, leading to the construction of automated testing fr ameworks as a research hotspot in the field of software engineering. This study aims to design and implement an automated testing fr amework with strong generality and excellent extensibility to enhance testing efficiency and coverage. By integrating modular design concepts with sc ript-driven technology, a dynamically extendable architecture based on a plug-in mechanism is proposed, which can flexibly adapt to various testing scenarios and technology stacks. Furthermore, the introduction of machine learning algorithms optimizes test case selection and execution order, significantly reducing resource consumption while improving defect detection capabilities. Experimental results demonstrate that the application of this fr amework in real-world projects can reduce testing time by approximately 40% and increase testing coverage to over 95%. Additionally, the fr amework supports multi-platform compatibility and distributed execution, providing a reliable solution for large-scale system testing. The primary innovation of this study lies in incorporating intelligent technologies into traditional automated testing processes and enhancing the fr amework's adaptability and maintainability through modular design, offering new insights and practical references for the field of software quality assurance. The research findings are of great significance in advancing the development of software testing automation technologies.
Keywords：Software Testing Automation; Machine Learning Optimization; Plugin Mechanism; Modular Design; Test Coverage
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 软件测试自动化框架的研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、软件测试自动化框架的构建基础 2
(一) 自动化测试框架的核心概念与分类 2
(二) 关键技术与工具选型分析 3
(三) 框架设计原则与实现路径 4
三、软件测试自动化框架的设计与实现 4
(一) 框架架构设计的关键要素 4
(二) 数据驱动与关键字驱动的实现方法 5
(三) 测试用例管理与执行流程优化 5
四、软件测试自动化框架的应用实践 6
(一) 实际项目中的框架部署策略 6
(二) 测试效率与质量提升的具体表现 7
(三) 框架应用中的问题与改进措施 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
