农业物联网中低功耗通信技术的选型与部署策略 -通信工程专业

摘要

随着农业现代化的推进，物联网技术在智慧农业中的应用日益广泛，而低功耗通信技术作为其核心支撑，对实现高效、可持续的农业管理具有重要意义。本研究以农业物联网中低功耗通信技术的选型与部署策略为切入点，旨在解决实际应用场景中通信技术适配性不足及能耗过高的问题。通过对比分析LoRa、NB-IoT、ZigBee等主流低功耗通信技术的性能特点及其在农业环境中的适用性，结合具体需求如覆盖范围、数据传输速率和能耗要求，所提出的选型方法能够显著提升通信系统的适配性和稳定性，而优化的部署策略则有效延长了网络生命周期此外，本研究不仅为农业物联网中低功耗通信技术的合理选型与高效部署提供了理论依据，还为智慧农业的实际落地提供了重要参考。

关键词：低功耗通信技术；农业物联网；动态选型方法；能量管理策略；自适应能量分配机制

Selection and Deployment Strategies for Low-Power Communication Technologies in Agricultural Internet of Things

英文人名

Directive teacher:×××

Abstract

With the advancement of agricultural modernization, the application of Internet of Things technology in smart agriculture is increasingly widespread, and low-power communication technology, as its core support, is of great significance to achieve efficient and sustainable agricultural management. This study takes the selection and deployment strategy of low-power communication technology in agricultural Internet of Things as the starting point, aiming to solve the problems of inadequate adaptation and high energy consumption of communication technology in practical application scenarios. Through comparative analysis of the performance characteristics of mainstream low-power communication technologies such as LoRa, NB-IoT, ZigBee and their applicability in agricultural environments, combined with specific requirements such as coverage, data transmission rate and energy consumption requirements, the proposed selection method can significantly improve the adaptability and stability of the communication system. In addition, this study not only provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable selection and efficient deployment of low-power communication technologies in the agricultural Internet of Things, but also provides an important reference for the actual implementation of smart agriculture.

Keywords: Low Power Communication Technology；Agricultural Internet Of Things；Dynamic Selection Method；Energy Management Strategy；Adaptive Energy Allocation Mechanism

引言 1

一、农业物联网通信需求分析 1

(一)农业场景通信特点 1

(二)低功耗技术适应性评估 2

(三)关键性能指标定义 2

二、低功耗通信技术选型研究 3

(一)主流低功耗技术对比 3

(二)技术适用性分析框架 3

(三)选型决策方法论 4

三、农业物联网部署策略设计 4

(一)部署环境影响因素 4

(二)网络拓扑结构优化 5