量子通信原理对传统加密技术的挑战与融合路径 -通信工程专业

摘要

随着信息技术的迅猛发展，传统加密技术面临日益严峻的安全挑战，而量子通信作为一种新兴技术，凭借其基于量子力学原理的天然安全性，为信息安全领域提供了全新的解决方案。本研究旨在探讨量子通信原理对传统加密技术的挑战及其可能的融合路径，以期构建更加安全、高效的加密体系。量子通信不仅能够弥补传统加密技术在抗量子攻击方面的不足，还为实现无条件安全的信息传输提供了理论依据。同时，本文提出了一种基于混合架构的融合方案，即将量子通信与经典加密技术相结合，以克服当前量子通信在距离、速率等方面的限制。该方案在实验验证中展现出良好的兼容性和扩展性，为未来量子-经典混合加密系统的实际部署奠定了基础。

关键词：量子通信；传统加密技术；量子密钥分发；抗量子攻击；混合加密系统

Quantum Communication Principles: Challenges to Traditional Cryptographic Techniques and Pathways to Integration

英文人名

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Abstract

With the rapid development of information technology, traditional encryption technology is facing increasingly severe security challenges, and quantum communication, as an emerging technology, provides a new solution for the field of information security with its natural security based on the principle of quantum mechanics. The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges of quantum communication principles to traditional encryption technology and its possible fusion path, in order to build a more secure and efficient encryption system. Quantum communication can not only make up for the shortcomings of traditional encryption technology in resisting quantum attacks, but also provide a theoretical basis for realizing unconditional secure information transmission. At the same time, a fusion scheme based on hybrid architecture is proposed, that is, quantum communication is combined with classical encryption technology, in order to overcome the current limitations of quantum communication in distance and rate. The scheme shows good compatibility and scalability in experimental verification, which lays a foundation for the practical deployment of quantum-classical hybrid encryption system in the future.

Keywords: Quantum Communication；Traditional Encryption Technology；Quantum Key Distribution；Anti-Quantum Attack；Hybrid Encryption System

引言 1

一、量子通信的基本原理与技术特征 1

(一)量子通信的核心概念 1

(二)量子密钥分发的技术机制 2

(三)量子纠缠在通信中的应用 2

二、量子通信对传统加密技术的挑战 3

(一)传统加密技术的安全性局限 3

(二)量子计算对RSA算法的威胁 3

(三)量子攻击对对称加密的影响 4

三、传统加密技术的适应性改进路径 4

(一)后量子密码学的发展现状 4