摘 要
机械系统中的噪声与振动问题严重影响设备性能、使用寿命及操作环境，因此对其控制与优化已成为工程领域的重要研究课题。本研究以机械系统的噪声控制与减振技术为核心，旨在探索高效、可行的解决方案，提升系统运行品质与用户体验。通过理论分析、数值模拟与实验验证相结合的方法，本文深入探讨了噪声传播机理与振动传递路径，并提出了一种基于多物理场耦合的综合控制策略。该策略融合了主动控制与被动减振技术，利用智能材料与自适应算法实现了对复杂工况下噪声与振动的有效抑制。研究结果表明，所提出的控制方法在低频段和高频段均表现出显著的降噪效果，同时有效降低了关键部件的振动幅值，延长了设备寿命。此外，本研究还开发了一套适用于实际工程场景的优化设计流程，为相关技术的推广应用提供了理论支持与实践指导。创新点在于首次将多物理场耦合模型应用于机械系统噪声与振动控制，并通过实验验证了其可行性与优越性，为未来的研究奠定了坚实基础。总体而言，本研究不仅丰富了噪声与振动控制领域的理论体系，也为工业应用提供了切实可行的技术方案。关键词：机械系统；噪声控制；振动抑制；多物理场耦合；主动与被动控制
Abstract
Noise and vibration issues in mechanical systems significantly affect equipment performance, service life, and operating environments, making their control and optimization crucial research topics in engineering. This study focuses on noise control and vibration reduction technologies in mechanical systems, aiming to explore efficient and feasible solutions to enhance system operational quality and user experience. By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental validation, this paper delves into the mechanisms of noise propagation and vibration transmission paths, proposing a comprehensive control strategy based on multiphysics coupling. This strategy combines active control with passive vibration reduction techniques, utilizing smart materials and adaptive algorithms to effectively suppress noise and vibration under complex operating conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant noise reduction effects in both low-frequency and high-frequency ranges while effectively decreasing the vibration amplitudes of critical components, thereby extending equipment lifespan. Additionally, this study develops an optimized design process applicable to real-world engineering scenarios, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the promotion and application of related technologies. The innovation lies in the first application of a multiphysics coupling model to noise and vibration control in mechanical systems, with its feasibility and superiority experimentally verified, laying a solid foundation for future research. Overall, this study not only enriches the theoretical fr amework of noise and vibration control but also offers practical technical solutions for industrial applications..Key Words：Mechanical System；Noise Control；Vibration Suppression；Multi-Physics Coupling；Active And Passive Control
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 机械系统噪声控制的研究背景 1
1.2 噪声与振动问题的工程意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 噪声源识别与分析技术 3
2.1 机械系统噪声源分类 3
2.2 噪声传播路径分析 3
2.3 基于实验的噪声源识别方法 4
2.4 数值仿真在噪声源分析中的应用 4
2.5 噪声源识别的关键挑战 5
第3章 减振技术及其优化设计 6
3.1 振动的基本原理与特性 6
3.2 主动减振技术的应用研究 6
3.3 被动减振材料与结构设计 7
3.4 振动隔离技术的改进策略 7
3.5 减振效果评估与优化方法 8
第4章 噪声控制与减振技术的集成应用 9
4.1 集成技术的设计框架 9
4.2 工程案例中的噪声控制实践 9
4.3 减振技术在复杂系统中的应用 10
4.4 噪声与振动协同控制策略 10
4.5 集成技术的未来发展方向 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
