摘 要
随着现代制造业的快速发展，自动化机械加工已成为提升生产效率和产品质量的核心技术。然而，由于加工过程中不可避免的热变形、材料特性变化以及设备磨损等因素，精度控制成为制约加工质量的关键问题。为此，本研究旨在探索并优化自动化机械加工中的精度控制与补偿技术，以提高加工精度和稳定性。研究通过结合理论分析与实验验证，提出了一种基于多传感器融合的实时误差监测方法，并开发了相应的自适应补偿算法。该方法能够动态捕捉加工过程中的误差源，并通过反馈控制系统实现高精度的实时调整。实验结果表明，所提出的补偿技术可显著降低加工误差，将尺寸精度提升至微米级水平，同时提高了加工表面的质量一致性。此外，本研究还创新性地引入了人工智能算法对历史数据进行学习与预测，从而实现了对潜在误差的提前干预，进一步增强了系统的鲁棒性。总体而言，本研究不仅为自动化机械加工提供了高效、可靠的精度控制方案，还为智能制造领域的技术升级奠定了重要基础，具有重要的理论价值和实际应用前景。关键词：自动化机械加工；精度控制；误差补偿；多传感器融合；人工智能算法
Abstract
With the rapid development of modern manufacturing, automated machining has become a core technology for enhancing production efficiency and product quality. However, precision control remains a critical issue constraining machining quality due to unavoidable factors such as thermal deformation, changes in material properties, and equipment wear during the machining process. To address this challenge, this study aims to explore and optimize precision control and compensation techniques in automated mechanical machining to improve machining accuracy and stability. By integrating theoretical analysis with experimental validation, a real-time error monitoring method based on multi-sensor fusion is proposed, along with the development of an adaptive compensation algorithm. This approach can dynamically capture error sources during the machining process and achieve high-precision real-time adjustments through a feedback control system. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed compensation technique significantly reduces machining errors, elevating dimensional accuracy to the micron level while improving the consistency of surface quality. Furthermore, this study innovatively incorporates artificial intelligence algorithms to learn from and predict historical data, enabling preemptive intervention for potential errors and further enhancing the robustness of the system. Overall, this research not only provides an efficient and reliable precision control solution for automated mechanical machining but also lays an important foundation for technological upgrades in the field of intelligent manufacturing, possessing significant theoretical value and practical application prospects..Key Words：Automation Machining；Precision Control；Error Compensation；Multi-Sensor Fusion；Artificial Intelligence Algorithm
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 自动化机械加工精度控制的研究背景 1
1.2 精度控制与补偿技术的现实意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 精度控制的基础理论与关键技术 3
2.1 精度控制的基本概念与定义 3
2.2 影响机械加工精度的主要因素分析 3
2.3 现代精度控制的核心技术框架 4
2.4 数据采集与误差建模方法研究 4
2.5 理论模型在实际加工中的应用 5
第3章 补偿技术在自动化加工中的实现路径 6
3.1 补偿技术的基本原理与分类 6
3.2 数字孪生技术在补偿中的作用 6
3.3 基于传感器的实时误差补偿策略 7
3.4 软件算法对补偿效果的优化研究 7
3.5 补偿技术实施中的关键问题探讨 8
第4章 精度控制与补偿技术的集成应用案例 9
4.1 典型自动化加工系统的精度需求分析 9
4.2 集成技术在高精度加工中的应用实践 9
4.3 实时监测与动态调整的实现方案 10
4.4 案例分析：复杂零件加工中的精度保障 10
4.5 技术集成对生产效率的影响评估 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
