摘 要
电压暂降作为电力系统中常见的电能质量问题，对敏感设备的正常运行造成显著影响，其检测与治理已成为现代电力系统研究的重要课题。本文针对电压暂降的特征提取与抑制技术展开深入研究，旨在提出一种高效、精准的检测方法及综合治理策略。研究首先分析了电压暂降的产生机理及其对不同负荷类型的影响，并结合快速傅里叶变换（FFT）与小波变换理论，提出了一种基于多分辨率分析的暂降信号识别算法，该算法能够准确捕捉暂降事件的起止时刻及幅值变化特征。为进一步提升检测精度，引入了自适应滤波技术以消除噪声干扰，同时设计了一种基于人工智能的分类模型用于区分不同类型电能质量扰动。在治理方面，本文提出了一种基于动态电压恢复器（DVR）的补偿方案，通过优化控制策略显著提高了补偿效率和系统稳定性。仿真结果表明，所提方法在复杂电网环境下具有良好的适应性和鲁棒性，能够实现对电压暂降的快速检测与有效抑制。本文的主要创新点在于将多分辨率分析与智能算法相结合，提升了暂降检测的实时性与准确性，同时提出的综合治理策略为实际工程应用提供了可行的技术参考，为改善电力系统电能质量奠定了理论基础。关键词：电压暂降；多分辨率分析；动态电压恢复器；自适应滤波；人工智能分类模型
Abstract
Voltage sags, as a common power quality issue in power systems, significantly affect the normal operation of sensitive equipment, making their detection and mitigation an important topic in modern power system research. This paper conducts an in-depth investigation into the feature extraction and suppression techniques for voltage sags, aiming to propose an efficient and precise detection method along with a comprehensive management strategy. The study first analyzes the generation mechanism of voltage sags and their impacts on different types of loads, and then proposes a sag signal identification algorithm based on multi-resolution analysis by integrating fast Fourier transform (FFT) and wavelet transform theory, which can accurately capture the start and end moments as well as amplitude variation characteristics of sag events. To further enhance detection accuracy, adaptive filtering technology is introduced to eliminate noise interference, while an artificial intelligence-based classification model is designed to distinguish various types of power quality disturbances. In terms of mitigation, a compensation scheme based on dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is proposed, and its efficiency and system stability are significantly improved through optimized control strategies. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits good adaptability and robustness in complex grid environments, enabling rapid detection and effective suppression of voltage sags. The main innovation of this paper lies in combining multi-resolution analysis with intelligent algorithms, thereby enhancing the real-time performance and accuracy of sag detection, while the proposed comprehensive management strategy provides feasible technical references for practical engineering applications and lays a theoretical foundation for improving power quality in power systems..
Key Words：Voltage Sag；Multi-Resolution Analysis；Dynamic Voltage Restorer；Adaptive Filtering；Artificial Intelligence Classification Model
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 电压暂降研究的背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 1
1.3 本文研究方法概述 2
第2章 电压暂降检测技术分析 3
2.1 电压暂降检测的基本原理 3
2.2 基于信号处理的检测方法 3
2.3 基于人工智能的检测算法 4
2.4 检测技术的性能评估与比较 5
第3章 电压暂降治理策略研究 6
3.1 治理策略的基本框架 6
3.2 动态电压恢复器的应用分析 6
3.3 不同补偿装置的性能对比 7
3.4 治理策略的经济性评估 7
第4章 实际系统中的应用与优化 9
4.1 实际电力系统的案例分析 9
4.2 检测与治理方法的集成应用 9
4.3 系统稳定性与可靠性提升策略 10
4.4 未来发展方向与技术创新 10
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
