摘 要
随着能源危机和环境问题的日益突出，微电网作为一种集可再生能源发电、储能系统与负荷管理于一体的分布式能源形式，逐渐成为智能电网发展的重要组成部分。然而，微电网与大电网之间的协调运行面临诸多挑战，包括能量优化分配、稳定性控制以及经济性与环保性的平衡等问题。为此，本研究旨在探索一种高效的微电网与大电网协调运行控制策略，以实现系统整体性能的优化。研究基于多目标优化理论，提出了一种融合预测模型与实时反馈机制的混合控制方法，通过建立动态调度模型，实现了对微电网内各单元的精确调控。同时，引入了分层控制架构，将全局优化与局部自治相结合，有效提升了系统的灵活性与鲁棒性。仿真结果表明，所提出的控制策略能够在保证供电可靠性的同时，显著降低运行成本并减少碳排放量。此外，该方法在应对不确定性因素（如负荷波动和天气变化）方面表现出优异的适应能力。本研究的主要创新点在于提出了兼顾经济性与稳定性的综合控制框架，并通过实验验证了其可行性和优越性，为未来微电网与大电网协同运行提供了重要的理论支持和技术参考。关键词：微电网；协调运行；多目标优化；分层控制；经济性与稳定性
Abstract
As energy crises and environmental issues become increasingly prominent, microgrids, as a form of distributed energy integrating renewable energy generation, energy storage systems, and load management, have gradually become an essential component of smart grid development. However, the coordinated operation between microgrids and the main grid faces numerous challenges, including optimal energy distribution, stability control, and the balance between economic efficiency and environmental protection. To address these issues, this study aims to explore an efficient coordination control strategy for the interaction between microgrids and the main grid to optimize the overall system performance. Based on multi-ob jective optimization theory, a hybrid control method combining predictive models with real-time feedback mechanisms is proposed, enabling precise regulation of each unit within the microgrid through the establishment of a dynamic scheduling model. Additionally, a hierarchical control architecture is introduced, integrating global optimization with local autonomy, thereby significantly enhancing the flexibility and robustness of the system. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can effectively reduce operational costs and carbon emissions while ensuring reliable power supply. Moreover, the method exhibits excellent adaptability in handling uncertainties such as load fluctuations and weather changes. The primary innovation of this research lies in the development of a comprehensive control fr amework that balances economic efficiency and stability, with its feasibility and superiority validated through experiments. This study provides critical theoretical support and technical references for the future collaborative operation of microgrids and the main grid..
Key Words：Microgrid；Coordinated Operation；Multi-ob jective Optimization；Hierarchical Control；Economy And Stability
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 微电网与大电网协调运行的研究背景 1
1.2 微电网与大电网协调运行的研究意义 1
1.3 国内外研究现状分析 2
1.4 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 微电网与大电网的运行特性分析 3
2.1 微电网的基本运行特性 3
2.2 大电网的运行特性与约束条件 3
2.3 微电网与大电网的交互特性 4
2.4 不同场景下的运行需求分析 4
2.5 特性分析对控制策略的影响 5
第3章 协调运行的关键控制技术研究 6
3.1 分布式电源的优化调度策略 6
3.2 储能系统在协调运行中的作用 6
3.3 负荷预测与需求响应机制 7
3.4 微电网与大电网的能量管理策略 7
3.5 关键技术的实现路径 8
第4章 协调运行控制策略的设计与验证 9
4.1 控制策略的整体框架设计 9
4.2 实时控制算法的开发与优化 9
4.3 模拟仿真环境的构建与测试 10
4.4 实验案例分析与结果评估 10
4.5 策略改进与未来发展方向 11
结 论 11
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
