摘要
脂质体作为一种仿生纳米载体，因其良好的生物相容性、低毒性和可调控的药物释放特性，在药物递送领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本研究旨在系统梳理脂质体作为药物递送系统的最新研究进展，并探讨其在提高药物疗效和降低毒副作用方面的潜力。通过文献分析与实验验证相结合的方法，本文总结了脂质体的设计原理、制备技术及其在不同治疗领域的应用实例。研究表明，功能化脂质体可通过表面修饰实现靶向递送，显著增强药物在病变组织中的积累，同时减少对正常组织的损伤。此外，新型刺激响应型脂质体能够根据微环境变化（如pH、温度或酶浓度）实现可控释放，进一步优化治疗效果。本研究还提出了一种基于多层脂质体结构的联合疗法策略，该策略可同时递送多种药物，从而克服单一疗法的耐药性问题。结果表明，这种创新设计显著提高了抗肿瘤活性并降低了系统毒性。综上所述，脂质体作为药物递送平台具有高度灵活性和适应性，未来结合智能化设计与个性化医疗理念，有望推动其在临床转化中的进一步发展。
关键词：脂质体；药物递送系统；功能化脂质体；刺激响应型脂质体；多层脂质体结构
Abstract
Liposomes, as a biomimetic nanocarrier, have demonstrated extensive application prospects in drug delivery due to their excellent biocompatibility, low toxicity, and controllable drug release characteristics. This study aims to systematically review the latest advances in liposomes as drug delivery systems and explore their potential in enhancing drug efficacy and reducing toxic side effects. By integrating literature analysis with experimental validation, this paper summarizes the design principles, preparation techniques, and application examples of liposomes across various therapeutic fields. Research findings indicate that functionalized liposomes can achieve targeted delivery through surface modification, significantly increasing drug accumulation in diseased tissues while minimizing damage to normal tissues. Moreover, novel stimuli-responsive liposomes are capable of controlled release in response to microenvironmental changes, such as pH, temperature, or enzyme concentration, thereby further optimizing therapeutic outcomes. This study also proposes a combinational therapy strategy based on multil ayer liposome structures, which enables the simultaneous delivery of multiple drugs to overcome the limitations of single-agent resistance. Results show that this innovative design markedly enhances antitumor activity and reduces systemic toxicity. In conclusion, liposomes exhibit high flexibility and adaptability as a drug delivery platform. Future integration of intelligent design and personalized medicine concepts is expected to further promote their clinical translation and development.
Keywords：Liposome; Drug Delivery System; Functionalized Liposome; Stimuli-Responsive Liposome; Multil ayer Liposome Structure
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 脂质体药物递送系统的背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 本文研究方法概述 2
二、脂质体的基本原理与构建技术 2
(一) 脂质体的结构与组成特性 2
(二) 脂质体制备的关键技术 3
(三) 影响脂质体稳定性的因素分析 3
三、脂质体在药物递送中的应用进展 4
(一) 抗肿瘤药物递送的研究进展 4
(二) 抗感染药物递送的应用现状 4
(三) 基因药物递送的技术突破 5
四、脂质体递送系统面临的挑战与优化策略 5
(一) 提高靶向性的关键技术 5
(二) 增强体内稳定性的方法探索 6
(三) 降低毒副作用的优化路径 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
