摘要
随着全球对环境保护的关注日益增强，药物生产过程中污染物的控制与减排已成为制药行业可持续发展的重要课题。本研究旨在系统分析药物生产中主要污染物的来源及其环境影响，并提出针对性的控制与减排策略。通过文献调研、实验验证及案例分析相结合的方法，研究深入探讨了生产工艺优化、绿色溶剂替代以及废弃物资源化利用等关键技术路径。结果表明，采用集成化的污染控制方案可显著降低药物生产过程中的化学需氧量（COD）和挥发性有机物（VOCs）排放，最高减排效率分别可达75%和80%以上。此外，研究创新性地提出了一种基于生命周期评估（LCA）的综合评价体系，用于量化不同减排措施的环境效益与经济成本，为决策者提供了科学依据。本研究的主要贡献在于将污染控制技术与制药工艺深度融合，提出了兼具环境友好性和经济可行性的解决方案，为推动制药行业的绿色转型提供了重要参考。
关键词：药物生产；污染控制；减排策略；生命周期评估；绿色转型
Abstract
With the growing global attention to environmental protection, the control and reduction of pollutants in the drug manufacturing process have become a critical issue for the sustainable development of the pharmaceutical industry. This study aims to systematically analyze the sources of major pollutants in drug production and their environmental impacts, while proposing targeted control and reduction strategies. By integrating literature reviews, experimental validation, and case studies, the research thoroughly examines key technological approaches, including process optimization, substitution of green solvents, and resource recovery from waste materials. The results indicate that the adoption of an integrated pollution control scheme can significantly reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions during drug production, achieving maximum reduction efficiencies of over 75% and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, this study innovatively proposes a comprehensive evaluation system based on life cycle assessment (LCA), which quantifies the environmental benefits and economic costs of various emission reduction measures, providing scientific support for decision-makers. The primary contribution of this research lies in its deep integration of pollution control technologies with pharmaceutical processes, offering solutions that are both environmentally friendly and economically feasible, thus providing significant reference for promoting the green transformation of the pharmaceutical industry.
Keywords：Drug Production; Pollution Control; Emission Reduction Strategy; Life Cycle Assessment; Green Transformation
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 药物生产污染问题的背景分析 1
(二) 控制与减排研究的意义探讨 1
(三) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(四) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、污染物来源与特性分析 2
(一) 药物生产主要污染物类型 2
(二) 污染物生成机制解析 3
(三) 污染物特性及其环境影响评估 3
三、控制技术与策略研究 4
(一) 源头控制的关键技术应用 4
(二) 过程优化中的减排措施分析 4
(三) 尾端治理的技术选择与评价 5
四、管理体系与政策支持 5
(一) 污染控制的管理体系构建 6
(二) 政策法规对减排的影响研究 6
(三) 可持续发展框架下的综合对策 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
