摘要
伺服驱动系统作为高速数控机床的核心技术之一，在提升加工精度与效率方面具有重要作用。随着现代制造业对高精度、高效率加工需求的不断增长，传统驱动系统已难以满足复杂工况的要求，因此亟需深入研究伺服驱动系统的优化设计及其在高速数控机床中的应用。本研究以提高高速数控机床动态性能和加工质量为目标，结合先进控制理论与实际工程需求，提出了一种基于自适应预测控制的伺服驱动优化方法。通过构建精确的动力学模型并引入实时参数辨识算法，有效解决了传统控制系统在高速运行时的非线性误差问题。实验结果表明，该方法能够显著降低跟踪误差，提升系统的响应速度与稳定性，同时在复杂轨迹加工中表现出优异的平滑性和抗干扰能力。此外，本研究还开发了一套集成化伺服驱动测试平台，为后续技术验证提供了可靠的实验基础。研究成果不仅为伺服驱动系统的性能改进提供了新思路，还为高速数控机床的智能化发展奠定了重要理论与实践基础，具有较高的工程应用价值和推广前景。
关键词：伺服驱动系统；自适应预测控制；高速数控机床；动力学模型；实时参数辨识算法
Abstract
As one of the core technologies in high-speed CNC machines, servo drive systems play a crucial role in enhancing processing accuracy and efficiency. With the growing demand for high-precision and high-efficiency processing in modern manufacturing, traditional drive systems are increasingly unable to meet the requirements of complex operating conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for in-depth research on the optimization design of servo drive systems and their applications in high-speed CNC machines. This study aims to improve the dynamic performance and processing quality of high-speed CNC machines by integrating advanced control theory with practical engineering needs, proposing an optimized servo drive method based on adaptive predictive control. By constructing an accurate dynamic model and incorporating real-time parameter identification algorithms, this approach effectively addresses the nonlinear error issues encountered in traditional control systems during high-speed operation. Experimental results demonstrate that this method significantly reduces tracking errors while enhancing the response speed and stability of the system, showing excellent smoothness and interference resistance in complex trajectory processing. Additionally, this study develops an integrated servo drive testing platform, providing a reliable experimental basis for subsequent technical validation. The research not only offers new insights into the performance improvement of servo drive systems but also lays an important theoretical and practical foundation for the intelligent development of high-speed CNC machines, exhibiting significant engineering application value and broad prospects for promotion.
Keywords：Servo Drive System; Adaptive Predictive Control; High-speed CNC Machine Tool; Dynamics Model; Real-time Parameter Identification Algorithm
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 伺服驱动系统应用的研究背景 1
(二) 高速数控机床发展的重要意义 1
(三) 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
(四) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、伺服驱动系统的关键技术分析 2
(一) 伺服驱动系统的组成与原理 2
(二) 高速响应控制技术研究 3
(三) 精度提升的核心算法探讨 3
(四) 动态性能优化的技术路径 4
三、高速数控机床对伺服驱动的需求 4
(一) 高速加工的特殊要求分析 4
(二) 伺服驱动在高速运动中的适应性 5
(三) 负载特性与伺服参数匹配研究 5
(四) 实时反馈机制的设计与实现 6
四、伺服驱动系统在高速数控机床中的应用实践 6
(一) 应用场景与案例分析 6
(二) 系统集成与调试方法研究 7
(三) 故障诊断与维护策略探讨 7
(四) 性能测试与结果评估 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
