基于纳米技术的紫杉醇新型递送系统研究 -药学专业

摘要

紫杉醇是一种广泛应用于肿瘤治疗的天然抗癌药物，但其水溶性差、生物利用度低及毒副作用等问题限制了临床应用。为解决上述问题，本研究基于纳米技术开发了一种新型紫杉醇递送系统，旨在提高药物的靶向性和疗效并降低毒性。通过将紫杉醇负载于聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米颗粒中，并结合叶酸分子修饰以增强细胞摄取能力，构建了功能化纳米递药体系。体外实验表明，该递送系统能够显著提升紫杉醇对叶酸受体高表达肿瘤细胞的靶向识别能力和细胞内吞效率；体内实验进一步验证了其在小鼠乳腺癌模型中的抗肿瘤效果，表现出更高的抑瘤率和更低的系统毒性。与传统制剂相比，该递送系统有效改善了紫杉醇的药代动力学特性，延长了血液循环时间，并实现了肿瘤部位的可控释放。研究表明，基于纳米技术的紫杉醇递送系统具有良好的安全性和有效性，为紫杉醇的临床优化应用提供了新策略，同时为个性化肿瘤治疗奠定了基础。

关键词：紫杉醇; 纳米递送系统; PLGA; 叶酸修饰; 肿瘤靶向治疗

Abstract

Paclitaxel, a naturally occurring anticancer drug widely used in tumor therapy, is limited in clinical application due to its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and toxic side effects. To address these issues, this study developed a novel paclitaxel delivery system based on nanotechnology, aiming to enhance drug targeting and efficacy while reducing toxicity. By encapsulating paclitaxel into poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles and modifying them with folic acid molecules to improve cellular uptake, a functionalized nanocarrier system was constructed. In vitro experiments demonstrated that this delivery system significantly improved the target recognition ability and intracellular uptake efficiency of paclitaxel for tumor cells with high folate receptor ex pression. In vivo studies further validated its antitumor efficacy in a murine breast cancer model, showing higher tumor inhibition rates and reduced systemic toxicity compared to conventional formulations. Compared with traditional preparations, this delivery system effectively enhanced the pharmacokinetic properties of paclitaxel, prolonged circulation time, and achieved controlled release at the tumor site. The results indicate that the paclitaxel delivery system based on nanotechnology exhibits good safety and efficacy, providing a new strategy for optimizing the clinical application of paclitaxel and laying a foundation for personalized cancer therapy.

Key words:Paclitaxel; Nano Delivery System; Plga; Folic Acid Modification; Tumor Targeted Therapy

中文摘要 I

英文摘要 II

引言 1

第1章、紫杉醇递送系统研究背景 3

1.1、紫杉醇的临床应用现状 3

1.2、传统递送系统的局限性分析 3

1.3、纳米技术在药物递送中的优势 3

第2章、纳米载体材料的选择与优化 5

2.1、常见纳米载体材料概述 5

2.2、材料生物相容性评估方法 5

2.3、针对紫杉醇的最佳材料筛选 6