摘 要
无刷直流电机因其高效、低维护和高功率密度等优点，在工业自动化、电动汽车及航空航天等领域得到了广泛应用。然而，传统控制策略在动态性能、稳态精度及抗扰能力方面存在不足，难以满足高性能应用场景的需求。为此，本文针对无刷直流电机的高性能控制展开研究，旨在提出一种能够显著提升系统动态响应与鲁棒性的新型控制策略。研究基于非线性系统理论，结合现代控制方法，设计了一种融合自适应观测器与滑模控制的复合控制器。该方法通过实时估计负载扰动与参数变化，有效补偿了不确定因素对系统性能的影响，同时利用滑模控制的强鲁棒特性确保了系统的稳定性与快速收敛性。仿真与实验结果表明，所提控制策略能够在复杂工况下实现精确的速度跟踪，并显著降低转矩脉动，相较于传统PID控制和模糊控制展现出更优的综合性能。
关键词：无刷直流电机 高性能控制 自适应观测器
Abstract
Brushless DC motor has been widely used in industrial automation, electric vehicles and aerospace because of its high efficiency, low maintenance and high power density. However, the traditional control strategy is insufficient in dynamic performance, steady-state accuracy and immunity, which is difficult to meet the requirements of high-performance application scenarios. Therefore, this paper studies the high performance control of brushless DC motor, aiming to propose a new control strategy that can significantly improve the dynamic response and robustness of the system. Based on nonlinear system theory combined with modern control method, a composite controller is designed which combines adaptive observer with sliding mode control. This method effectively compensates the influence of uncertain factors on the system performance by estimating the load disturbance and parameter changes in real time, while ensuring the stability and rapid convergence of the system with the strong robust characteristics of sliding mode control. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can achieve accurate speed tracking under complex working conditions, and significantly reduce the torque pulsation, showing better comprehensive performance compared with the traditional PID control and fuzzy control.
Keyword:Brushless Dc Motor High Performance Control Adaptive Observer
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1无刷直流电机高性能控制的研究背景 1
1.2高性能控制策略研究的意义与价值 1
1.3国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
1.4本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2无刷直流电机控制系统建模分析 2
2.1无刷直流电机的基本原理与特性 2
2.2数学模型的建立与分析 2
2.3控制系统动态特性的仿真研究 3
2.4模型参数对控制性能的影响评估 3
2.5建模过程中的关键问题探讨 4
3高性能控制策略的设计与优化 4
3.1常见控制策略的比较与选择 4
3.2基于模糊逻辑的控制算法设计 5
3.3自适应控制在无刷直流电机中的应用 5
3.4高性能控制策略的优化方法研究 6
3.5策略设计中的实验验证与改进 6
4实验验证与性能评估 6
4.1实验平台搭建与测试方案设计 7
4.2控制策略的硬件实现与调试 7
4.3性能指标的定义与测试方法 7
4.4实验结果分析与对比研究 8
4.5高性能控制策略的实际应用前景 8
结论 9
参考文献 10
致谢 11
