摘要
颅脑损伤是临床常见的急危重症，其高致残率和病死率与颅内压升高密切相关，因此有效控制颅内压成为治疗的关键环节。本研究旨在探讨阶梯式降颅压护理在颅脑损伤患者中的应用效果及其临床价值。研究选取2019年至2022年间收治的120例颅脑损伤患者，随机分为对照组和试验组，各60例。对照组采用常规护理，试验组则实施基于病情分级的阶梯式降颅压护理方案。通过监测两组患者的颅内压变化、神经功能恢复情况及并发症发生率等指标进行对比分析。结果显示，试验组患者的颅内压控制达标率显著高于对照组（P0.05），神经功能缺损评分改善更明显，且并发症发生率较低。研究表明，阶梯式降颅压护理能够根据患者病情动态调整干预措施，有效降低颅内压并促进神经功能恢复，为颅脑损伤患者的个体化护理提供了新思路。该方法的创新点在于将护理干预与病情严重程度紧密结合，提升了护理的精准性和有效性，具有重要的临床推广价值。关键词：颅脑损伤；阶梯式降颅压护理；颅内压控制；神经功能恢复；并发症发生率
Efficacy of Stepwise Intracranial Pressure Reduction Nursing in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common critical emergency in clinical practice, and its high rates of disability and mortality are closely associated with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Therefore, effective control of ICP has become a key component of treatment. This study aimed to investigate the application effects and clinical value of stepwise ICP reduction nursing in patients with TBI. A total of 120 TBI patients admitted between 2019 and 2022 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, each consisting of 60 patients. The control group received routine care, while the experimental group was subjected to a stepwise ICP reduction nursing protocol based on graded disease severity. Comparisons were made by analyzing changes in ICP, neurological function recovery, and complication incidence between the two groups. The results showed that the experimental group had a significantly higher rate of ICP control compliance compared to the control group (P0.05), with more pronounced improvements in neurological deficit scores and lower complication rates. This study demonstrated that stepwise ICP reduction nursing can dynamically adjust interventions according to patient conditions, effectively reducing ICP and promoting neurological function recovery, thus providing new insights into individualized care for TBI patients. The innovation of this method lies in its close integration of nursing interventions with disease severity, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of care, and offering significant potential for clinical promotion.
Keywords: Craniocerebral Injury; Stepwise Intracranial Pressure Reduction Nursing; Intracranial Pressure Control; Nervous System Function Recovery; Complication Incidence Rate
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
引言 1
1 颅脑损伤降颅压护理概述 1
1.1 颅脑损伤与颅内压关系 1
1.2 降颅压护理的基本原理 2
1.3 阶梯式护理的临床意义 2
2 阶梯式降颅压护理方案设计 2
2.1 护理方案的分级标准 3
2.2 不同阶段的干预措施 3
2.3 方案实施的关键环节 3
3 阶梯式护理疗效评估方法 4
3.1 疗效评估指标的选择 4
3.2 数据收集与分析方法 4
3.3 影响疗效评估的因素 5
4 阶梯式护理的实际应用与优化 5
4.1 实际应用中的常见问题 5
4.2 护理方案的个性化调整 6
4.3 提高护理效果的策略探讨 6
结论 6
参考文献 8
致谢 9
