摘要
母乳喂养作为促进婴儿健康和发展的最佳方式，近年来其喂养率在全球范围内呈现下降趋势，这一现象引发了广泛的社会关注。本研究旨在探讨母乳喂养率下降背后的社会文化因素，通过质性研究方法深入分析影响母乳喂养决策的复杂机制。研究采用半结构化访谈法，选取了来自不同社会经济背景的50位母亲作为研究对象，并结合专业医护人员的视角进行多维度分析。通过对访谈资料的主题编码与归纳，发现现代社会中职场压力、母职观念变迁、社交媒体信息误导以及家庭支持系统的缺失是导致母乳喂养率下降的主要原因。此外，研究还揭示了传统观念与现代生活方式之间的冲突对母乳喂养实践的影响。本研究的创新点在于从社会文化的宏观视角出发，系统剖析了母乳喂养行为背后的深层次原因，为制定更有效的政策干预措施提供了理论依据，同时强调了构建支持性社会环境的重要性。关键词：母乳喂养；社会文化因素；职场压力；母职观念；家庭支持系统
A Qualitative Study on Sociocultural Factors Contributing to the Decline in Breastfeeding Rates
Abstract
Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal approach to promoting infant health and development; however, its prevalence has exhibited a declining trend globally in recent years, sparking significant societal concern. This study aims to explore the sociocultural factors underlying this decline by employing qualitative research methods to analyze the complex mechanisms influencing breastfeeding decisions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 mothers from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, complemented by insights from healthcare professionals, enabling multidimensional analysis. Through thematic coding and归纳of the interview data, it was identified that workplace pressures, evolving maternal role perceptions, misinformation propagated via social media, and deficiencies in family support systems are primary contributors to the decreasing breastfeeding rates. Additionally, the study highlights the impact of conflicts between traditional beliefs and modern lifestyles on breastfeeding practices. A key innovation of this research lies in its macroscopic sociocultural perspective, which systematically dissects the deep-seated reasons behind breastfeeding behaviors, thereby providing theoretical foundations for the development of more effective policy interventions. Furthermore, the study underscores the critical importance of fostering a supportive social environment for breastfeeding.
Keywords: Breastfeeding; Social And Cultural Factors; Workplace Pressure; Motherhood Concept; Family Support System
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
引言 1
1 母乳喂养的社会文化背景 1
1.1 母乳喂养的历史变迁 1
1.2 社会文化的定义与影响 2
1.3 研究问题的提出 2
2 母乳喂养率下降的主要社会因素 3
2.1 职业压力与时间限制 3
2.2 公共场所哺乳环境不足 3
2.3 社会支持系统的缺失 3
3 母乳喂养率下降的文化因素分析 4
3.1 传统观念的转变 4
3.2 媒体宣传的影响 4
3.3 替代品推广的文化渗透 5
4 提升母乳喂养率的对策研究 5
4.1 政策干预与制度保障 5
4.2 社区支持与教育推广 6
4.3 文化重塑与公众意识提升 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
