摘 要
大气颗粒物污染已成为全球关注的环境问题，其对人类健康、生态系统及气候变化的影响日益显著。本研究旨在解析大气颗粒物的主要来源，并提出针对性的防控措施，以改善空气质量并减轻环境负担。通过结合源清单分析、受体模型和数值模拟技术，研究选取典型城市区域作为案例，系统评估了工业排放、交通尾气、建筑扬尘及生物质燃烧等主要污染源的贡献比例。结果表明，工业活动和机动车尾气是颗粒物污染的主要来源，尤其是在冬季采暖期，燃煤和生物质燃烧的作用尤为突出。此外，二次颗粒物生成在特定气象条件下显著加剧了污染水平。基于上述发现，本研究提出了分级分类的防控策略，包括优化能源结构、加强移动源排放控制、提升工业污染治理技术和强化区域联防联控机制。
关键词：大气颗粒物 污染来源解析 防控措施
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter pollution has become a global environmental concern, and its impact on human health, ecosystem and climate change is increasingly significant. This study aims to analyze the main sources of atmospheric particulate matter and propose targeted prevention and control measures to improve air quality and reduce the burden on the environment. By combining source list analysis, receptor model and numerical simulation technology, typical urban areas are selected as cases to systematically evaluate the contribution proportion of major pollution sources such as industrial emissions, traffic exhaust, construction dust and biomass combustion. The results show that industrial activities and motor vehicle exhaust are the main sources of particulate pollution, especially during the winter heating period, when coal burning and biomass burn out particularly well. In addition, the generation of secondary particles significantly aggravates the pollution levels under specific meteorological conditions. Based on the above findings, this study puts forward the hierarchical and classified prevention and control strategies, including optimizing the energy structure, strengthening the emission control of mobile sources, improving the technology of industrial pollution control, and strengthening the regional joint prevention and control mechanism.
Keyword:Atmospheric Particles Pollution Source Apportionment Control Measures
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1大气颗粒物污染的研究背景 1
1.2来源解析与防控措施的意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2大气颗粒物污染的来源解析 2
2.1颗粒物污染的主要来源分类 2
2.2工业排放对颗粒物污染的影响 2
2.3交通源对大气颗粒物的贡献分析 3
2.4农业活动与自然源的颗粒物释放 3
2.5区域传输对颗粒物污染的作用 4
3颗粒物污染的监测与评估方法 4
3.1常用颗粒物监测技术概述 4
3.2源清单构建与数据处理方法 5
3.3数值模型在来源解析中的应用 5
3.4污染特征与时空分布规律分析 6
3.5监测结果的不确定性与改进方向 6
4大气颗粒物污染的防控对策 7
4.1工业源减排的技术与政策建议 7
4.2交通源控制的策略与实施路径 7
4.3农业源管理与生态补偿机制 8
4.4区域联防联控的实践与优化方案 8
4.5公众参与与社会共治的重要性 9
结论 9
参考文献 11
致谢 12
大气颗粒物污染已成为全球关注的环境问题，其对人类健康、生态系统及气候变化的影响日益显著。本研究旨在解析大气颗粒物的主要来源，并提出针对性的防控措施，以改善空气质量并减轻环境负担。通过结合源清单分析、受体模型和数值模拟技术，研究选取典型城市区域作为案例，系统评估了工业排放、交通尾气、建筑扬尘及生物质燃烧等主要污染源的贡献比例。结果表明，工业活动和机动车尾气是颗粒物污染的主要来源，尤其是在冬季采暖期，燃煤和生物质燃烧的作用尤为突出。此外，二次颗粒物生成在特定气象条件下显著加剧了污染水平。基于上述发现，本研究提出了分级分类的防控策略，包括优化能源结构、加强移动源排放控制、提升工业污染治理技术和强化区域联防联控机制。
关键词：大气颗粒物 污染来源解析 防控措施
Abstract
Atmospheric particulate matter pollution has become a global environmental concern, and its impact on human health, ecosystem and climate change is increasingly significant. This study aims to analyze the main sources of atmospheric particulate matter and propose targeted prevention and control measures to improve air quality and reduce the burden on the environment. By combining source list analysis, receptor model and numerical simulation technology, typical urban areas are selected as cases to systematically evaluate the contribution proportion of major pollution sources such as industrial emissions, traffic exhaust, construction dust and biomass combustion. The results show that industrial activities and motor vehicle exhaust are the main sources of particulate pollution, especially during the winter heating period, when coal burning and biomass burn out particularly well. In addition, the generation of secondary particles significantly aggravates the pollution levels under specific meteorological conditions. Based on the above findings, this study puts forward the hierarchical and classified prevention and control strategies, including optimizing the energy structure, strengthening the emission control of mobile sources, improving the technology of industrial pollution control, and strengthening the regional joint prevention and control mechanism.
Keyword:Atmospheric Particles Pollution Source Apportionment Control Measures
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1大气颗粒物污染的研究背景 1
1.2来源解析与防控措施的意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4本文研究方法与技术路线 2
2大气颗粒物污染的来源解析 2
2.1颗粒物污染的主要来源分类 2
2.2工业排放对颗粒物污染的影响 2
2.3交通源对大气颗粒物的贡献分析 3
2.4农业活动与自然源的颗粒物释放 3
2.5区域传输对颗粒物污染的作用 4
3颗粒物污染的监测与评估方法 4
3.1常用颗粒物监测技术概述 4
3.2源清单构建与数据处理方法 5
3.3数值模型在来源解析中的应用 5
3.4污染特征与时空分布规律分析 6
3.5监测结果的不确定性与改进方向 6
4大气颗粒物污染的防控对策 7
4.1工业源减排的技术与政策建议 7
4.2交通源控制的策略与实施路径 7
4.3农业源管理与生态补偿机制 8
4.4区域联防联控的实践与优化方案 8
4.5公众参与与社会共治的重要性 9
结论 9
参考文献 11
致谢 12
