摘 要
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是老年人群中常见的呼吸系统疾病，长期氧疗是改善患者预后的重要手段。然而，老年患者对长期氧疗的依从性较低，影响治疗效果。本研究旨在探讨老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗的依从性及其影响因素。通过横断面调查方式，在某地区选取300例接受长期氧疗的老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者作为研究对象，采用自行设计的问卷收集患者一般资料、疾病相关情况、社会支持状况等信息，并以氧疗时间是否达到医嘱要求为标准评估其依从性。结果显示，该群体长期氧疗依从性仅为42.7%，其中男性、年龄较大、文化程度低、经济条件差、缺乏家庭支持和社会支持的患者依从性更低。创新之处在于不仅关注了患者个体特征对依从性的影响，还深入分析了社会支持系统的作用，发现社会支持不足是导致依从性差的关键因素之一。结论是提高老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者长期氧疗依从性需要综合考虑患者自身特点并加强社会支持体系建设，这有助于改善患者病情管理，提升生活质量，也为临床制定个性化干预措施提供了依据。
关键词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病；长期氧疗依从性；社会支持；老年患者；影响因素分析
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common respiratory condition among elderly populations, and long-term oxygen therapy is an essential approach to improving patient prognosis. However, elderly patients often exhibit low adherence to long-term oxygen therapy, which affects treatment outcomes. This study aims to investigate the adherence to long-term oxygen therapy and its influencing factors in elderly COPD patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 300 elderly COPD patients undergoing long-term oxygen therapy in a specific region. Data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire that gathered information on patients' demographic characteristics, disease-related conditions, and social support status. Adherence was assessed based on whether the oxygen therapy duration met the prescribed requirements. The results indicated that only 42.7% of the participants adhered to long-term oxygen therapy. Notably, lower adherence rates were observed among male patients, those of advanced age, with lower educational attainment, poor economic conditions, and inadequate family and social support. An innovative aspect of this study lies in its focus not only on individual patient characteristics but also on an in-depth analysis of the role of social support systems, revealing that insufficient social support is a critical factor contributing to poor adherence. The conclusion drawn is that enhancing adherence to long-term oxygen therapy in elderly COPD patients requires a comprehensive consideration of individual patient features along with strengthening social support systems. This approach can improve disease management and quality of life for patients and provide a basis for developing personalized clinical interventions.
Keywords：Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease；Long-term Oxygen Therapy Adherence；Social Support；Elderly Patients；Influencing Factors Analysis
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 老年COPD患者长期氧疗现状 2
1.1 长期氧疗的临床意义 2
1.2 患者群体特征分析 2
1.3 当前依从性水平评估 3
第二章 影响依从性的个体因素 5
2.1 年龄与身体状况影响 5
2.2 认知与心理状态分析 5
2.3 家庭支持系统作用 6
第三章 医疗服务对依从性的影响 8
3.1 医疗资源可及性 8
3.2 医护人员指导质量 8
3.3 治疗方案合理性评估 9
第四章 提高依从性的策略探讨 11
4.1 健康教育模式优化 11
4.2 社区支持体系建设 11
4.3 个性化护理方案设计 12
结 论 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
