摘 要
有效提问是小学数学课堂教学中不可或缺的重要环节，随着教育理念的不断更新和素质教育的深入推进，传统教学模式下教师单向灌输知识的方式已难以满足学生发展需求。本研究旨在探索小学数学课堂中有效提问的技巧与方法，以提升教学质量并促进学生思维能力的发展。通过对国内外相关文献进行系统梳理，并结合实际课堂观察及问卷调查等多维度研究方法，发现当前小学数学课堂提问存在针对性不强、启发性不足等问题。为此，本研究提出基于问题导向的教学设计原则，强调从学生认知规律出发，构建层次分明的问题链，注重问题情境创设，将抽象数学概念融入具体生活场景，激发学生主动思考。同时，引入多元评价机制，鼓励学生积极参与互动交流，培养其批判性思维能力和创新意识。
关键词：小学数学；教学设计；思维能力
Abstract
Effective questioning is an indispensable link in primary school mathematics classroom teaching. With the continuous updating of educational concepts and the deepening of quality-oriented education, the one-way indoctrination of knowledge by teachers in the traditional teaching mode has been difficult to meet the development needs of students; development. This study aims to explore the skills and methods of effective questioning in primary school mathematics classroom, to improve the quality of teaching, and promote the development of students&; thinking ability. Through the systematic combing of the relevant domestic and foreign literature, combined with the actual classroom observation and questionnaire survey and other multi-dimensional research methods, it is found that the current primary school mathematics classroom questions are not targeted and enlightening problems. To this end, this study puts forward the principle of teaching design based on problem orientation, emphasizes the construction of students; cognitive law, the construction of distinct problem chain, pays attention to the creation of problem situation, integrates abstract mathematical concepts into concrete life scenes, and stimulates students to think actively. At the same time, multiple evaluation mechanism is introduced to encourage students to actively participate in interaction and communication, and cultivate their critical thinking ability and innovative consciousness.
Keywords: Elementary school mathematics; teaching design; thinking ability
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 III
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状综述 1
（三）本文研究方法概述 2
二、提问设计的原则与依据 3
（一）数学学科特点与提问设计 3
（二）学生认知发展与问题设置 4
（三）教学目标导向的提问策略 5
三、提问技巧的具体应用 6
（一）启发式提问的应用场景 6
（二）层级递进式提问的方法 7
（三）情境创设中的提问艺术 8
四、提问效果的评价与反馈 10
（一）提问有效性评估标准 10
（二）学生反应与教师调整 11
（三）课堂互动质量的提升 12
五、结论与展望 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
有效提问是小学数学课堂教学中不可或缺的重要环节，随着教育理念的不断更新和素质教育的深入推进，传统教学模式下教师单向灌输知识的方式已难以满足学生发展需求。本研究旨在探索小学数学课堂中有效提问的技巧与方法，以提升教学质量并促进学生思维能力的发展。通过对国内外相关文献进行系统梳理，并结合实际课堂观察及问卷调查等多维度研究方法，发现当前小学数学课堂提问存在针对性不强、启发性不足等问题。为此，本研究提出基于问题导向的教学设计原则，强调从学生认知规律出发，构建层次分明的问题链，注重问题情境创设，将抽象数学概念融入具体生活场景，激发学生主动思考。同时，引入多元评价机制，鼓励学生积极参与互动交流，培养其批判性思维能力和创新意识。
关键词：小学数学；教学设计；思维能力
Abstract
Effective questioning is an indispensable link in primary school mathematics classroom teaching. With the continuous updating of educational concepts and the deepening of quality-oriented education, the one-way indoctrination of knowledge by teachers in the traditional teaching mode has been difficult to meet the development needs of students; development. This study aims to explore the skills and methods of effective questioning in primary school mathematics classroom, to improve the quality of teaching, and promote the development of students&; thinking ability. Through the systematic combing of the relevant domestic and foreign literature, combined with the actual classroom observation and questionnaire survey and other multi-dimensional research methods, it is found that the current primary school mathematics classroom questions are not targeted and enlightening problems. To this end, this study puts forward the principle of teaching design based on problem orientation, emphasizes the construction of students; cognitive law, the construction of distinct problem chain, pays attention to the creation of problem situation, integrates abstract mathematical concepts into concrete life scenes, and stimulates students to think actively. At the same time, multiple evaluation mechanism is introduced to encourage students to actively participate in interaction and communication, and cultivate their critical thinking ability and innovative consciousness.
Keywords: Elementary school mathematics; teaching design; thinking ability
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 III
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状综述 1
（三）本文研究方法概述 2
二、提问设计的原则与依据 3
（一）数学学科特点与提问设计 3
（二）学生认知发展与问题设置 4
（三）教学目标导向的提问策略 5
三、提问技巧的具体应用 6
（一）启发式提问的应用场景 6
（二）层级递进式提问的方法 7
（三）情境创设中的提问艺术 8
四、提问效果的评价与反馈 10
（一）提问有效性评估标准 10
（二）学生反应与教师调整 11
（三）课堂互动质量的提升 12
五、结论与展望 13
参考文献 14
致 谢 15
