摘 要
风力发电作为可再生能源的重要组成部分，在全球能源转型中发挥着关键作用，而风轮作为风力发电系统的核心部件，其性能直接影响整个系统的效率与稳定性。为提升风力发电系统的整体性能，本研究聚焦于风轮设计与优化，旨在通过改进风轮结构参数和气动特性，实现更高的能量转换效率。基于计算流体力学(CFD)理论，采用数值模拟方法对不同叶片形状、数量及攻角下的风轮气动性能进行分析，同时结合实验测试验证仿真结果的准确性。研究发现，优化后的风轮在低风速条件下表现出更优的能量捕获能力，最大功率系数较传统设计提高约15%，且在宽风速范围内均能保持良好性能。此外，提出了一种新型变桨距控制策略，有效降低了启动风速并提高了输出功率稳定性。该研究不仅为风轮设计提供了理论依据和技术支持，也为推动风力发电技术进步做出了重要贡献，特别是在提升风电设备适应性和经济性方面具有显著意义。
关键词：风力发电 风轮优化 计算流体力学
Abstract
Wind power generation, as a crucial component of renewable energy, plays a pivotal role in global energy transition. The wind turbine, serving as the core component of wind power systems, directly influences the overall efficiency and stability of these systems. To enhance the performance of wind power generation systems, this study focuses on the design and optimization of wind turbines, aiming to achieve higher energy conversion efficiency through improvements in structural parameters and aerodynamic characteristics of the turbines. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) theory, numerical simulation methods were employed to analyze the aerodynamic performance of wind turbines under different blade shapes, numbers, and angles of attack, while experimental tests were conducted to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. It was found that the optimized wind turbine exhibited superior energy capture capability under low wind speed conditions, with the maximum power coefficient increasing by approximately 15% compared to traditional designs, and maintained good performance across a wide range of wind speeds. Additionally, a novel variable pitch control strategy was proposed, effectively reducing the cut-in wind speed and improving the stability of output power. This research not only provides theoretical basis and technical support for wind turbine design but also makes significant contributions to the advancement of wind power generation technology, particularly in enhancing the adaptability and economic viability of wind power equipment.
Keyword:Wind Power Generation Wind Turbine Optimization Computational Fluid Dynamics
目 录
引言 1
1风轮设计基础理论 1
1.1风力机工作原理 1
1.2风轮气动特性分析 2
1.3叶片几何参数影响 2
2风轮空气动力学优化 3
2.1空气动力学模型建立 3
2.2叶片载荷分布优化 3
2.3捕风效率提升方法 4
3风轮结构力学设计 4
3.1材料选择与性能 4
3.2结构强度分析 5
3.3振动特性研究 5
4风轮综合性能评估 6
4.1性能测试方法 6
4.2经济性评价指标 6
4.3环境适应性分析 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
