摘要
随着经济全球化和市场竞争加剧，企业面临的财务风险日益复杂多变，内部控制作为企业管理的重要组成部分，在防范和控制财务风险方面发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究旨在探讨内部控制质量对财务风险的影响，基于此构建理论模型并提出相关假设，以中国A股上市公司2015 - 2020年数据为样本，运用因子分析法确定内部控制质量评价指标体系，包括内部环境、风险评估、控制活动、信息与沟通、内部监督五个维度，采用多元回归分析方法实证检验两者之间的关系。研究发现，内部控制质量与财务风险呈显著负相关关系，即内部控制质量越高，企业面临的财务风险越低；其中内部环境和风险评估两个维度对财务风险的抑制作用最为明显。这一结论不仅丰富了内部控制与财务风险关系的研究成果，而且从理论上证明了完善内部控制有助于降低财务风险，为企业加强内部控制建设提供理论依据，也为监管部门制定相关政策提供了参考，创新点在于将内部控制细化为五个维度进行研究，深入剖析各维度对财务风险影响程度的差异。
关键词：内部控制质量；财务风险；因子分析
Abstract
With the intensification of economic globalization and market competition, enterprises are confronted with increasingly complex and volatile financial risks. Internal control, as an essential component of enterprise management, plays an irreplaceable role in preventing and controlling financial risks. This study aims to investigate the impact of internal control quality on financial risk. A theoretical model is constructed and relevant hypotheses are proposed based on this ob jective. Using data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 as a sample, factor analysis is employed to determine an evaluation index system for internal control quality, encompassing five dimensions: internal environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and internal supervision. The relationship between internal control quality and financial risk is empirically tested using multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate a significant negative correlation between internal control quality and financial risk, meaning that higher internal control quality is associated with lower financial risk faced by enterprises; notably, the dimensions of internal environment and risk assessment exhibit the most pronounced inhibitory effects on financial risk. This conclusion not only enriches the research on the relationship between internal control and financial risk but also theoretically demonstrates that improving internal control can help reduce financial risk, providing a theoretical basis for enterprises to strengthen their internal control systems and offering references for regulatory authorities in formulating relevant policies. The innovation lies in detailing internal control into five dimensions for research, thoroughly analyzing the differences in the degree of influence each dimension has on financial risk.
Keywords：Internal Control Quality; Financial Risk; Factor Analysis
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、内部控制质量的构成要素 2
(一) 内部环境对财务风险的影响 2
(二) 风险评估机制的作用分析 3
(三) 控制活动与财务风险管理 4
三、内部控制质量对财务风险的传导机制 4
(一) 信息沟通与财务风险预警 4
(二) 内部监督对财务风险的防范 5
(三) 内控缺陷与财务风险关联 6
四、提升内部控制质量以降低财务风险的策略 7
(一) 完善内部环境建设 7
(二) 强化风险评估体系建设 8
(三) 优化控制活动实施路径 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
随着经济全球化和市场竞争加剧，企业面临的财务风险日益复杂多变，内部控制作为企业管理的重要组成部分，在防范和控制财务风险方面发挥着不可替代的作用。本研究旨在探讨内部控制质量对财务风险的影响，基于此构建理论模型并提出相关假设，以中国A股上市公司2015 - 2020年数据为样本，运用因子分析法确定内部控制质量评价指标体系，包括内部环境、风险评估、控制活动、信息与沟通、内部监督五个维度，采用多元回归分析方法实证检验两者之间的关系。研究发现，内部控制质量与财务风险呈显著负相关关系，即内部控制质量越高，企业面临的财务风险越低；其中内部环境和风险评估两个维度对财务风险的抑制作用最为明显。这一结论不仅丰富了内部控制与财务风险关系的研究成果，而且从理论上证明了完善内部控制有助于降低财务风险，为企业加强内部控制建设提供理论依据，也为监管部门制定相关政策提供了参考，创新点在于将内部控制细化为五个维度进行研究，深入剖析各维度对财务风险影响程度的差异。
关键词：内部控制质量；财务风险；因子分析
Abstract
With the intensification of economic globalization and market competition, enterprises are confronted with increasingly complex and volatile financial risks. Internal control, as an essential component of enterprise management, plays an irreplaceable role in preventing and controlling financial risks. This study aims to investigate the impact of internal control quality on financial risk. A theoretical model is constructed and relevant hypotheses are proposed based on this ob jective. Using data from Chinese A-share listed companies from 2015 to 2020 as a sample, factor analysis is employed to determine an evaluation index system for internal control quality, encompassing five dimensions: internal environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and internal supervision. The relationship between internal control quality and financial risk is empirically tested using multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate a significant negative correlation between internal control quality and financial risk, meaning that higher internal control quality is associated with lower financial risk faced by enterprises; notably, the dimensions of internal environment and risk assessment exhibit the most pronounced inhibitory effects on financial risk. This conclusion not only enriches the research on the relationship between internal control and financial risk but also theoretically demonstrates that improving internal control can help reduce financial risk, providing a theoretical basis for enterprises to strengthen their internal control systems and offering references for regulatory authorities in formulating relevant policies. The innovation lies in detailing internal control into five dimensions for research, thoroughly analyzing the differences in the degree of influence each dimension has on financial risk.
Keywords：Internal Control Quality; Financial Risk; Factor Analysis
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、内部控制质量的构成要素 2
(一) 内部环境对财务风险的影响 2
(二) 风险评估机制的作用分析 3
(三) 控制活动与财务风险管理 4
三、内部控制质量对财务风险的传导机制 4
(一) 信息沟通与财务风险预警 4
(二) 内部监督对财务风险的防范 5
(三) 内控缺陷与财务风险关联 6
四、提升内部控制质量以降低财务风险的策略 7
(一) 完善内部环境建设 7
(二) 强化风险评估体系建设 8
(三) 优化控制活动实施路径 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
