金属有机框架（MOFs）材料在气体分离中的应用
摘 要
金属有机框架（MOFs）材料因其独特的孔道结构和可调节的化学性质，在气体分离领域展现出巨大潜力。传统分离方法如深冷精馏、变压吸附等存在能耗高、效率低等问题，而MOFs材料凭借其高比表面积、可调控孔径及功能化修饰等特点，为气体分离提供了新思路。本研究旨在系统探讨MOFs材料在气体分离中的应用机制与性能优化，通过理论计算结合实验验证的方法，选取典型MOFs材料进行气体吸附与穿透实验，考察不同条件下对CO2/CH4、H2/SO2等混合气体的选择性分离效果。研究发现，经过功能化修饰后的MOFs材料表现出优异的选择性和稳定性，其中UiO - 66 - NH2对CO2具有显著的优先吸附能力，在常温低压下分离因子可达10以上；同时，通过引入金属活性位点，有效提升了MOFs对极性分子的选择性。
关键词：金属有机框架 气体分离 功能化修饰
Abstract
me tal-organic framing (MOFs) materials have shown great potential in the field of gas separation due to their unique pore structure and adjustable chemical properties. Traditional separation methods such as deep cold distillation and pressure variable pressure adsorption have problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency, while MOFs provide new ideas for gas separation with their high specific surface area, adjustable pore size and functionalization modification. The purpose of this study is to systematically explore the application mechanism and performance optimization of MOFs in gas separation. Through theoretical calculation and experimental verification method, typical MOFs materials are selected for gas adsorption and penetration experiments, so as to investigate the selective separation effect of CO2 / CH4 and H2 / SO2 under different conditions. It is found that the MOFs after functionalized modification show excellent selectivity and stability, among which UiO-66-NH2 has significant preferential adsorption capacity for CO2, and the separation factor can reach 10 at room temperature and low pressure; at the same time, through the introduction of me tal active site, effectively improves the selectivity of MOFs for polar molecules.
Keyword:me tal-Organic fr amework Gas Separation Functionalization Modification
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1金属有机框架材料气体分离背景 1
1.2气体分离应用的研究意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4本文研究方法与思路 2
2MOFs材料的结构特性 2
2.1 MOFs材料的基本组成 2
2.2孔道结构对气体吸附影响 3
2.3表面性质与气体选择性 3
3MOFs在气体分离中的机制 4
3.1分子筛分效应原理 4
3.2化学吸附作用机制 4
3.3物理吸附特性研究 5
3.4多重分离机制协同 5
4MOFs材料的应用实例 6
4.1氢气提纯中的应用 6
4.2二氧化碳捕集案例 7
4.3烃类气体分离实践 7
4.4工业废气处理应用 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
摘 要
金属有机框架（MOFs）材料因其独特的孔道结构和可调节的化学性质，在气体分离领域展现出巨大潜力。传统分离方法如深冷精馏、变压吸附等存在能耗高、效率低等问题，而MOFs材料凭借其高比表面积、可调控孔径及功能化修饰等特点，为气体分离提供了新思路。本研究旨在系统探讨MOFs材料在气体分离中的应用机制与性能优化，通过理论计算结合实验验证的方法，选取典型MOFs材料进行气体吸附与穿透实验，考察不同条件下对CO2/CH4、H2/SO2等混合气体的选择性分离效果。研究发现，经过功能化修饰后的MOFs材料表现出优异的选择性和稳定性，其中UiO - 66 - NH2对CO2具有显著的优先吸附能力，在常温低压下分离因子可达10以上；同时，通过引入金属活性位点，有效提升了MOFs对极性分子的选择性。
关键词：金属有机框架 气体分离 功能化修饰
Abstract
me tal-organic framing (MOFs) materials have shown great potential in the field of gas separation due to their unique pore structure and adjustable chemical properties. Traditional separation methods such as deep cold distillation and pressure variable pressure adsorption have problems of high energy consumption and low efficiency, while MOFs provide new ideas for gas separation with their high specific surface area, adjustable pore size and functionalization modification. The purpose of this study is to systematically explore the application mechanism and performance optimization of MOFs in gas separation. Through theoretical calculation and experimental verification method, typical MOFs materials are selected for gas adsorption and penetration experiments, so as to investigate the selective separation effect of CO2 / CH4 and H2 / SO2 under different conditions. It is found that the MOFs after functionalized modification show excellent selectivity and stability, among which UiO-66-NH2 has significant preferential adsorption capacity for CO2, and the separation factor can reach 10 at room temperature and low pressure; at the same time, through the introduction of me tal active site, effectively improves the selectivity of MOFs for polar molecules.
Keyword:me tal-Organic fr amework Gas Separation Functionalization Modification
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1金属有机框架材料气体分离背景 1
1.2气体分离应用的研究意义 1
1.3国内外研究现状综述 1
1.4本文研究方法与思路 2
2MOFs材料的结构特性 2
2.1 MOFs材料的基本组成 2
2.2孔道结构对气体吸附影响 3
2.3表面性质与气体选择性 3
3MOFs在气体分离中的机制 4
3.1分子筛分效应原理 4
3.2化学吸附作用机制 4
3.3物理吸附特性研究 5
3.4多重分离机制协同 5
4MOFs材料的应用实例 6
4.1氢气提纯中的应用 6
4.2二氧化碳捕集案例 7
4.3烃类气体分离实践 7
4.4工业废气处理应用 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 11
