形式化方法在软件验证与测试中的应用 -计算机科学与技术专业

摘要

随着软件系统复杂度的不断提升，传统测试方法难以全面保障软件质量，形式化方法作为一种严谨的数学手段，在软件验证与测试领域展现出独特优势。本研究旨在探讨形式化方法在软件验证与测试中的应用，通过结合模型检测、定理证明等技术，构建一个系统化的验证框架。研究基于现有理论基础，提出了一种融合静态分析与动态测试的形式化验证方法，该方法能够在开发早期发现潜在缺陷，提高验证效率。本研究创新性地引入了自动化推理机制，实现了从需求规格说明到代码实现的全程形式化验证，为解决大规模软件系统的验证难题提供了新思路。研究的主要贡献在于建立了一个完整的理论体系，不仅丰富了形式化方法的应用场景，还为工业界提供了切实可行的技术方案，推动了软件工程领域的理论发展和技术进步。

关键词：形式化方法软件验证模型检测

Abstract

With the increasing complexity of software systems, it is difficult for traditional testing methods to fully guarantee software quality. As a rigorous mathematical method, formal methods show unique advantages in the field of software verification and testing. This study aims to explore the application of formal methods in software verification and testing, and build a systematic verification fr amework by combining model checking and theorem proving techniques. Based on the existing theoretical basis, a formal verification method combining static analysis and dynamic testing is proposed, which can detect potential defects in the early stage of development and improve the verification efficiency. This research innovatively introduces the automatic reasoning mechanism to realize the formal verification from requirement specification to code implementation, which provides a new way to solve the verification problem of large-scale software systems. The main contribution of the research is to establish a complete theoretical system, which not only enriches the application scenarios of formal methods, but also provides practical technical solutions for the industry, and promotes the theoretical development and technical progress in the field of software engineering.

Keyword:Formal Methods Software Verification Model Checking

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景与意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

2形式化方法基础理论 2

2.1形式化方法的概念与发展 2

2.2主要形式化技术介绍 2

2.3形式化方法在软件工程中的作用 3

3形式化方法在软件验证中的应用 3

3.1验证需求的形式化表示 3

3.2形式化验证工具的应用 4

3.3验证过程中的挑战与对策 5