电力系统负荷特性对电网规划的影响分析 -电气工程及其自动化专业

摘要

随着电力需求的不断增长和能源结构的转型，电力系统负荷特性对电网规划的影响日益显著。本研究旨在深入分析不同类型负荷特性与电网规划之间的内在联系，通过构建多维度负荷模型，结合实际运行数据，运用大数据分析、时序分解等方法，量化评估不同因素对电网规划的影响程度。研究发现，居民、工业等典型负荷曲线的变化趋势直接影响电网峰谷差、输电容量配置及电源布局优化；分布式电源接入使负荷特性呈现双向互动特征，增加了规划复杂性。创新点在于引入了动态负荷响应系数，建立了适应新型电力系统的负荷预测模型，为电网规划提供了更精准的数据支持。研究结果表明，充分考虑负荷特性的时空分布特征，能够有效提高电网规划的经济性和可靠性，减少冗余投资，实现资源优化配置。该研究为未来智能电网建设提供了理论依据和技术支撑，对于推动电力系统转型升级具有重要参考价值。

关键词：电力系统负荷特性电网规划动态负荷响应系数

Abstract

As electricity demand continues to grow and the energy structure undergoes transformation, the impact of power system load characteristics on grid planning has become increasingly significant. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the intrinsic relationship between different types of load characteristics and grid planning by constructing multi-dimensional load models, integrating actual operational data, and employing methods such as big data analysis and time-series decomposition to quantitatively evaluate the influence of various factors on grid planning. The findings indicate that the changing trends of typical load curves, such as those for residential and industrial sectors, directly affect the peak-to-valley difference in the grid, transmission capacity configuration, and optimization of power source layout; the integration of distributed generation introduces bidirectional interaction features in load characteristics, thereby increasing the complexity of planning. An innovation of this research is the introduction of a dynamic load response coefficient and the establishment of a load forecasting model adapted to the new power system, providing more precise data support for grid planning. The results demonstrate that fully considering the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of load can effectively enhance the economic efficiency and reliability of grid planning, reduce redundant investment, and achieve optimal resource allocation. This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the construction of future smart grids and offers important reference value for promoting the transformation and upgrading of power systems.

Keyword:Power System Load Characteristics Grid Planning Dynamic Load Response Factor

1绪论 1

1.1电力系统负荷特性研究背景 1

1.2国内外研究现状综述 1

1.3本文研究方法与思路 2

2负荷特性对电网规划的影响机理 2

2.1负荷特性的分类与特征 2

2.2不同类型负荷对电网的影响 3

2.3负荷特性与电网规划的关联性 3

3负荷预测对电网规划的影响分析 4

3.1负荷预测方法及其准确性 4

3.2预测误差对电网规划的影响 5