摘 要
随着全球人口老龄化趋势加剧，中国正快速步入深度老龄化社会，老年人口规模庞大且增速快，由此带来的家政服务需求日益凸显。本研究旨在探讨老龄化社会背景下家政服务的需求特征与发展路径，基于对全国12个省市的问卷调查与实地访谈，收集了3000余份有效样本，并结合官方统计数据进行量化分析。研究发现，老年人对家政服务的需求呈现多元化特点，涵盖日常生活照料、健康管理、精神慰藉等多方面，其中失能半失能老人对专业护理服务需求尤为迫切。目前家政服务市场存在供给结构失衡、服务质量参差不齐、从业人员专业化程度低等问题。创新性地提出构建“医养融合型”家政服务体系，通过整合医疗资源与养老服务资源，实现资源共享与优势互补。同时建议完善行业标准体系，加强职业培训体系建设，提高从业人员素质，以满足老年人多样化、个性化的服务需求，推动家政服务业高质量发展，为应对老龄化社会挑战提供有力支撑。
关键词：老龄化社会；家政服务需求；医养融合
DEMAND AND DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC SERVICE IN AGING SOCIETY
ABSTRACT
As the global population aging trend intensifies, China is rapidly entering a deep aging society, the elderly population is large and rapid growth, resulting in an increasingly prominent demand for housekeeping services. This study aims to explore the demand characteristics and development path of domestic service in the context of an aging society. Based on the questionnaire survey and field interviews in 12 provinces and cities across the country, more than 3,000 valid samples were collected, and the quantitative analysis was carried out in combination with official statistical data. The study found that the elderly have diversified needs for domestic service, covering many aspects such as daily life care, health management, spiritual comfort, etc. Among them, the semi-disabled elderly have a particularly urgent need for professional nursing services. At present, there are some problems in the domestic service market, such as unbalanced supply structure, uneven service quality and low professional degree of employees. It innovatively proposes the construction of a "medical-nursing integration" domestic service system, and realizes resource sharing and complementary advantages by integrating medical resources and old-age service resources. At the same time, it is recommended to improve the industry standard system, strengthen the construction of vocational training system, and improve the quality of practitioners, so as to meet the diversified and personalized service needs of the elderly, promote the high-quality development of the domestic service industry, and provide strong support for coping with the challenges of an aging society.
KEY WORDS：aging society; Domestic service demand; Integration of medical and nursing care
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 2
1.1 研究背景及意义 2
1.2 家政服务需求的研究现状 2
1.3 研究方法与技术路线 3
第2章 老龄化对家政服务需求的影响 4
2.1 老年人口特征分析 4
2.2 家政服务需求类型 4
2.3 需求变化趋势预测 5
第3章 家政服务供给能力评估 6
3.1 服务人员素质要求 6
3.2 服务机构发展现状 6
3.3 行业规范与标准建设 6
第4章 政策支持与未来发展 8
4.1 相关政策梳理与评价 8
4.2 政策优化建议 8
4.3 未来发展趋势展望 8
第5章 结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
