摘 要
随着现代电气设备的广泛应用，电磁兼容性问题日益凸显，成为影响设备稳定运行及性能发挥的关键因素。本研究旨在深入探讨电气设备中电磁兼容性问题，以提升设备在复杂电磁环境下的可靠性和稳定性。通过理论分析与实验研究相结合的方法，对电气设备内部电磁干扰源进行识别与分类，建立电磁干扰传播模型，采用频谱分析、时域仿真等技术手段，探究电磁干扰产生机制及其对设备功能的影响路径。研究结果表明，不同类型的电气设备存在特定的电磁干扰敏感频段，且干扰强度与设备工作状态密切相关。基于此，提出了一种新型滤波器设计方案，有效降低了传导干扰水平，同时优化了屏蔽结构，增强了设备抗干扰能力。此外，还开发了一套电磁兼容性测试系统，实现了对电气设备电磁兼容性能的精准评估。该研究不仅为解决电气设备电磁兼容性问题提供了新思路和方法，而且对于推动相关标准制定和完善具有重要意义，为电气设备的设计制造提供了理论依据和技术支持。
关键词：电磁兼容性 电磁干扰传播模型 滤波器设计
Abstract
With the widespread application of modern electrical equipment, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues have become increasingly prominent, emerging as a critical factor affecting the stable operation and performance of devices. This study aims to thoroughly investigate EMC problems in electrical equipment to enhance reliability and stability in complex electromagnetic environments. By integrating theoretical analysis with experimental research, this work identifies and classifies internal electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources within electrical equipment, establishes EMI propagation models, and employs techniques such as spectrum analysis and time-domain simulation to explore the mechanisms of EMI generation and its impact pathways on device functionality. The results indicate that different types of electrical equipment exhibit specific EMI-sensitive frequency bands, with interference intensity closely related to the operational state of the equipment. Based on these findings, a novel filter design is proposed, effectively reducing conducted interference levels, while optimizing shielding structures to enhance the equipment's immunity to interference. Additionally, an EMC testing system has been developed, achieving precise evaluation of the electromagnetic compatibility performance of electrical equipment. This research not only provides new insights and methods for addressing EMC issues in electrical equipment but also holds significant implications for advancing and refining relevant standards, offering theoretical foundations and technical support for the design and manufacture of electrical equipment.
Keyword:Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromagnetic Interference Propagation Model Filter Design
目 录
1绪论 1
1.1电磁兼容性研究背景与意义 1
1.2国内外研究现状综述 1
1.3研究方法与技术路线 1
2电磁干扰源分析 2
2.1干扰源分类与特性 2
2.2内部干扰源剖析 3
2.3外部干扰源影响 3
3电磁兼容设计原则 4
3.1设计基本原则 4
3.2屏蔽技术应用 4
3.3滤波与接地策略 5
4测试与评估方法 6
4.1测试标准解读 6
4.2实验室测试流程 6
4.3现场测试挑战 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 10
