摘 要
本研究针对热带地区橡胶树种植面临的台风灾害问题，系统开展了橡胶树抗风性评价及防风林优化设计研究。通过实地调查、力学测试和数值模拟相结合的方法，首次建立了橡胶树抗风性能综合评价体系，揭示了不同品种、树龄和栽培管理措施对橡胶树抗风性的影响规律。研究发现，RRIM600和PR107等品种表现出较强的抗风能力，其临界风速较普通品种提高15%-20%；采用合理密植和修剪技术可显著增强植株抗倒伏能力。基于风洞实验和CFD模拟结果，创新性地提出了"疏透式多层复合防风林"设计方案，该方案在保证通风效果的同时可将林内风速降低40%-50%，较传统防风林模式提升防护效能约30%。研究构建了防风林带间距、宽度与高度的定量关系模型，为热带地区橡胶园防风林建设提供了科学依据。研究成果已在海南、云南等主要植胶区推广应用，有效提升了橡胶园的抗灾能力，对保障天然橡胶产业可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：橡胶树抗风性；防风林优化设计；热带地区
This study systematically investigates wind resistance evaluation of rubber trees and optimization design of windbreaks to address the typhoon disaster challenges faced by rubber tree plantations in tropical regions. Through a comprehensive approach combining field investigations, mechanical testing, and numerical simulations, a novel integrated evaluation system for assessing wind resistance of rubber trees was established for the first time, revealing the influence patterns of different varieties, tree ages, and cultivation management practices on wind resistance. The research identified that varieties such as RRIM600 and PR107 exhibit superior wind resistance, with their critical wind speeds being 15%-20% higher than conventional varieties; proper planting density and pruning techniques were found to significantly enhance lodging resistance. Based on wind tunnel experiments and CFD simulations, an innovative "porous multi-layer composite windbreak" design was proposed, which reduces wind speed within the plantation by 40%-50% while maintaining ventilation efficiency, representing approximately 30% improvement in protective effectiveness compared to traditional windbreak models. The study established quantitative relationship models for spacing, width, and height parameters of windbreak belts, providing scientific guidance for windbreak construction in tropical rubber plantations. The research outcomes have been successfully implemented in major rubber-growing regions such as Hainan and Yunnan provinces, effectively enhancing disaster resilience of rubber plantations and contributing significantly to the sustainable development of natural rubber industry.
KEY WORDS：Wind Resistance of Rubber Trees; Optimal Design of Windbreaks; Tropical Regions
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 橡胶树抗风性研究及防风林设计背景与意义 1
1.2 橡胶树抗风性研究及防风林设计领域现状 1
第2章 橡胶树抗风性机理研究 2
2.1 橡胶树形态特征与抗风性关系 2
2.2 橡胶树根系结构与抗风能力分析 2
2.3 环境因素对橡胶树抗风性的影响 3
第3章 防风林对橡胶树的保护效应研究 4
3.1 防风林结构参数优化设计 4
3.2 防风林对风速衰减的定量分析 4
3.3 不同配置模式下的防护效果评估 5
第4章 基于抗风性的橡胶园规划与设计 6
4.1 橡胶园防风系统整体布局原则 6
4.2 防风林带与种植区空间配置优化 6
4.3 综合防护体系的构建与实施策略 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
本研究针对热带地区橡胶树种植面临的台风灾害问题，系统开展了橡胶树抗风性评价及防风林优化设计研究。通过实地调查、力学测试和数值模拟相结合的方法，首次建立了橡胶树抗风性能综合评价体系，揭示了不同品种、树龄和栽培管理措施对橡胶树抗风性的影响规律。研究发现，RRIM600和PR107等品种表现出较强的抗风能力，其临界风速较普通品种提高15%-20%；采用合理密植和修剪技术可显著增强植株抗倒伏能力。基于风洞实验和CFD模拟结果，创新性地提出了"疏透式多层复合防风林"设计方案，该方案在保证通风效果的同时可将林内风速降低40%-50%，较传统防风林模式提升防护效能约30%。研究构建了防风林带间距、宽度与高度的定量关系模型，为热带地区橡胶园防风林建设提供了科学依据。研究成果已在海南、云南等主要植胶区推广应用，有效提升了橡胶园的抗灾能力，对保障天然橡胶产业可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：橡胶树抗风性；防风林优化设计；热带地区
This study systematically investigates wind resistance evaluation of rubber trees and optimization design of windbreaks to address the typhoon disaster challenges faced by rubber tree plantations in tropical regions. Through a comprehensive approach combining field investigations, mechanical testing, and numerical simulations, a novel integrated evaluation system for assessing wind resistance of rubber trees was established for the first time, revealing the influence patterns of different varieties, tree ages, and cultivation management practices on wind resistance. The research identified that varieties such as RRIM600 and PR107 exhibit superior wind resistance, with their critical wind speeds being 15%-20% higher than conventional varieties; proper planting density and pruning techniques were found to significantly enhance lodging resistance. Based on wind tunnel experiments and CFD simulations, an innovative "porous multi-layer composite windbreak" design was proposed, which reduces wind speed within the plantation by 40%-50% while maintaining ventilation efficiency, representing approximately 30% improvement in protective effectiveness compared to traditional windbreak models. The study established quantitative relationship models for spacing, width, and height parameters of windbreak belts, providing scientific guidance for windbreak construction in tropical rubber plantations. The research outcomes have been successfully implemented in major rubber-growing regions such as Hainan and Yunnan provinces, effectively enhancing disaster resilience of rubber plantations and contributing significantly to the sustainable development of natural rubber industry.
KEY WORDS：Wind Resistance of Rubber Trees; Optimal Design of Windbreaks; Tropical Regions
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 橡胶树抗风性研究及防风林设计背景与意义 1
1.2 橡胶树抗风性研究及防风林设计领域现状 1
第2章 橡胶树抗风性机理研究 2
2.1 橡胶树形态特征与抗风性关系 2
2.2 橡胶树根系结构与抗风能力分析 2
2.3 环境因素对橡胶树抗风性的影响 3
第3章 防风林对橡胶树的保护效应研究 4
3.1 防风林结构参数优化设计 4
3.2 防风林对风速衰减的定量分析 4
3.3 不同配置模式下的防护效果评估 5
第4章 基于抗风性的橡胶园规划与设计 6
4.1 橡胶园防风系统整体布局原则 6
4.2 防风林带与种植区空间配置优化 6
4.3 综合防护体系的构建与实施策略 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
