林下经济植物种植模式的生态服务价值评估 -林学专业

摘要

林下经济植物种植作为一种可持续的土地利用方式，在生态保护和经济发展中具有重要作用。本研究旨在评估不同林下经济植物种植模式的生态服务价值，为优化林下经济布局提供科学依据。研究选取了我国南方典型林区作为研究区域，采用实地调查与模型模拟相结合的方法，构建了包含碳汇、水源涵养、土壤保持和生物多样性保护等指标的生态服务价值评估体系。通过对比分析纯林、林药间作、林菌共生和林果复合四种种植模式，研究发现林菌共生模式在碳汇能力和生物多样性维护方面表现最优，年均碳汇量达到12.3 t/ha，物种丰富度指数较纯林提高35.6%；林药间作模式在水源涵养和土壤保持方面优势显著，年径流削减率达42.8%，土壤侵蚀模数降低至0.15 t/ha·a；而林果复合模式则在经济效益与生态效益的平衡上表现突出。研究创新性地提出了基于生态系统服务功能最大化的林下经济植物种植优化配置方案，并量化了不同模式的综合生态服务价值。结果表明，合理的林下经济植物种植模式可显著提升森林生态系统的服务功能，其中最优配置方案可使单位面积生态服务价值提升28.7%。本研究为推进林下经济的可持续发展提供了理论支撑和实践指导，对实现生态保护与经济发展的协同增效具有重要意义。

关键词：林下经济；生态服务价值；种植模式优化；碳汇能力

EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICE VALUE OF ECONOMIC PLANT PLANTING MODEL IN UNDERSTORY

ABSTRACT

As a sustainable way of land use, understory economic plant planting plays an important role in ecological protection and economic development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ecological service value of different economic plant planting patterns in the understory, and to provide scientific basis for optimizing the economic distribution of the understory. In this study, a typical forest area in southern China was selected as the research area, and an ecological service value assessment system including carbon sink, water conservation, soil conservation and biodiversity conservation was constructed by combining field investigation and model simulation. Through comparative analysis of pure forest, intercropping of forest and medicine, forest fungus symbiosis and forest fruit complex, the study found that the symbiosis of forest fungus had the best performance in terms of carbon sink capacity and biodiversity maintenance, the average annual carbon sink reached 12.3 t/ha, and the species richness index was 35.6% higher than that of pure forest. In terms of water conservation and soil conservation, the annual runoff reduction rate was 42.8%, and the soil erosion modulus was reduced to 0.15 t/ha·a. The forest fruit compound model is outstanding in the balance of economic benefit and ecological benefit. The study innovatively proposed the optimal allocation scheme of economic plant planting based on the maximization of ecosystem service function, and quantified the integrated ecological service value of different models. The results showed that reasonable economic plant planting model could significantly improve the service function of forest ecosystem, and the optimal allocation scheme could increase the ecological service value per unit area by 28.7%. This study provides theoretical support and practical guidance for promoting the sustainable development of understory economy, and is of great significance for realizing the synergistic effect between ecological protection and economic development.

KEY WORDS：Undergrowth economy; Ecological service value; Planting pattern optimization; Carbon sink capacity

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 2

1.1 研究背景及意义 2

1.2 研究现状综述 2

第2章林下经济植物种植模式的特征分析 3

2.1 林下经济植物的种类与分布 3

2.2 种植模式的空间配置特征 3

2.3 种植模式的生态适应性分析 4

第3章林下经济植物种植模式的生态服务功能评估 5

3.1 碳汇功能及其价值评估 5