人工林可持续经营模式的构建 -林学专业

摘要

在全球森林资源持续减少的背景下，人工林作为缓解生态压力和满足木材需求的重要途径，其可持续经营模式的构建成为林业发展的核心议题。本研究旨在探索一种兼顾生态效益、经济效益和社会效益的人工林经营模式，以应对传统经营方式中存在的生物多样性下降、土壤退化及经济效益不稳定等问题。研究采用多学科交叉方法，结合遥感技术、生态系统服务评估模型和经济学分析工具，对中国南方典型人工林区域进行长期监测与评估。通过对比不同经营策略下的生态系统服务价值、碳汇能力及社区参与度，提出了一种基于适应性管理的多层次经营框架。研究结果表明，该模式能够显著提升人工林的生态稳定性，年均碳汇量增加15%，同时通过优化林下经济作物种植和林产品加工产业链，使当地农户收入提高20%。创新点在于将生态系统服务价值纳入经营决策体系，并建立了动态反馈机制，确保经营策略的灵活性和可持续性。

关键词：人工林可持续经营；生态系统服务价值；适应性管理；碳汇能力

CONSTRUCTION OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT MODEL OF ARTIFICIAL FOREST

ABSTRACT

In the context of the continuous reduction of global forest resources, plantation is an important way to alleviate ecological pressure and meet the demand for wood, and its sustainable management model has become the core issue of forestry development. The purpose of this study is to explore a management model of plantation with ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits in order to cope with the problems of biodiversity decline, soil degradation and economic benefits instability in traditional management methods. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach was adopted, combining remote sensing technology, ecosystem service assessment model and economic analysis tools to conduct long-term monitoring and assessment of typical plantation areas in southern China. By comparing the ecosystem service value, carbon sink capacity and community participation under different business strategies, a multi-level management fr amework based on adaptive management is proposed. The results show that this model can significantly improve the ecological stability of planted forests, increase the average annual carbon sink by 15%, and increase the income of local farmers by 20% by optimizing the industrial chain of planting cash crops and processing forest products under the forest. The innovation point is to integrate the value of ecosystem services into the business decision-making system, and establish a dynamic feedback mechanism to ensure the flexibility and sustainability of the business strategy.

KEY WORDS：Sustainable management of artificial forest; Ecosystem service value; Adaptive management; Carbon sink capacity

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章绪论 2

1.1 研究背景及意义 2

1.2 人工林可持续经营模式的研究现状 2

第2章人工林可持续经营模式的理论基础 4

2.1 可持续发展理论在人工林中的应用 4

2.2 生态系统服务功能与人工林经营 4

2.3 社会经济因素对人工林可持续性的影响 5

第3章人工林可持续经营模式的构建路径 7

3.1 基于生态效益的人工林经营策略 7