城市流动儿童教育融入存在的问题及对策研究
教育融入作为促进教育公平与社会融合的重要手段，其定义涵盖了将个体或群体纳入主流教育体系的过程，特点在于注重适应性、参与性及平等性，其理论基础植根于社会学、教育学及心理学等多学科交叉。当前，城市流动儿童在教育融入方面面临诸多挑战，其入学机会与教育资源分配不均，导致流动儿童在学校中的表现与成绩往往落后于城市儿童，进一步加剧了两者间的教育差距。具体而言，流动儿童教育融入存在的问题主要包括教育机会不平等，师资力量薄弱，具体表现为教师数量不足且质量参差不齐，这直接影响了教育质量。此外，教育不连续性问题突出，由于流动儿童的特殊性，其学习经历常因迁徙而中断。同时，家长教育意识淡薄，未能充分认识到教育对子女未来发展的重要性，也是制约流动儿童教育融入的一大因素。针对上述问题，改善流动儿童教育融入的对策建议包括实现教育资源的均衡配置，确保流动儿童能够获得与城市儿童同等的教育机会；增加教师编制，鼓励教师流动并提升招聘标准，以优化师资队伍结构，提高教学质量；建立学籍管理制度，保障流动儿童学习经历的连续性；以及建立家校联系机制，增强家长的教育意识，形成家校共育的良好氛围。通过这些措施，可以有效促进城市流动儿童的教育融入，推动教育公平与社会和谐。
关键词：城市流动儿童，教育融入，教育公平
Abstract
As an important means to promote the integration of educational equity and society, educational integration covers the process of integrating individuals or groups into the mainstream education system. It is characterized by adaptability, participation and equality. Its theoretical basis is rooted in the interdisciplinary disciplines such as sociology, pedagogy and psychology. At present, urban migrant children face many challenges in the integration of education, and the uneven distribution of enrollment opportunities and educational resources leads to the performance and performance of migrant children in schools often lag behind urban children, which further aggravates the educational gap between the two. Specifically, the problems existing in the integration of migrant children's education mainly include unequal educational opportunities and weak teachers, which are specifically manifested in the insufficient number of teachers and the uneven quality of teachers, which directly affects the quality of education. In addition, the problem of educational discontinuity is prominent. Due to the particularity of migrant children, their learning experience is often interrupted due to migration. At the same time, parents 'weak awareness of education, and their failure to fully realize the importance of education for their children's future development, is also a major factor restricting the integration of migrant children's education. In view of the above problems, the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the integration of migrant children's education include realizing the balanced allocation of educational resources, ensuring that migrant children can obtain the same educational opportunities as urban children; increasing the establishment of teachers, encouraging the flow of teachers and improving the recruitment standards to optimize the structure of teachers and improve the teaching quality, establishing the school roll management system, ensuring the continuity of learning experience of migrant children; establishing the home-school contact mechanism, enhancing parents' educational awareness and forming a good atmosphere for home-school co-education. Through these measures, we can effectively promote the educational integration of urban migrant children, and promote educational equity and social harmony.
Keyword：Urban migrant children, education integration, education equity
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
1.3 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 教育融入相关概述 3
2.1 教育融入的定义 3
2.2 教育融入的特点 3
2.2.1 平等性 3
2.2.2 全面性 4
2.3 教育融入的理论基础 4
第3章 城市流动儿童教育融入现状概览 5
3.1 流动儿童入学机会与教育资源分配 5
3.2 流动儿童在学校的表现与成绩 5
3.3 流动儿童与城市儿童的教育差距 5
第4章 城市流动儿童教育融入存在的问题 7
4.1 师资力量薄弱 7
4.1.1 教师数量不足 7
4.1.2 教师质量参差不齐 7
4.2 教育机会不平等 7
4.3 教育不连续 8
4.4 家长教育意识淡薄 8
第5章 改善流动儿童教育融入问题的对策建议 10
5.1 增加教师编制 10
5.1.1 鼓励教师流动 10
5.1.2 提升招聘标准 10
5.2 教育资源均衡配置 11
5.3 建立学籍管理制度 11
5.4 建立家校联系机制 11
结 论 13
参考文献 14
