现代林业技术下果树设施栽培技术应用探析 -林学专业

摘要

随着现代农业技术的发展，果树设施栽培作为一种新型栽培方式，在提高果树产量、改善品质和实现周年供应等方面展现出显著优势。本研究旨在探析现代林业技术下果树设施栽培技术的应用现状、面临的问题及对策，以期为我国果树产业的可持续发展提供技术支持和政策建议。本研究界定了设施栽培的概念与分类，并从环境调控、生长周期管理、土壤与营养管理等方面阐述了果树设施栽培的理论基础。尽管现代林业技术为果树设施栽培带来了诸多机遇，但仍面临技术推广普及困难、成本控制与经济效益不显、环境调控挑战以及长期生长影响等问题。具体而言，技术推广渠道不畅、农民接受度不高；设施栽培初期投资大、回报周期长；极端天气条件下环境调控难度增加、病虫害防控复杂；长期设施栽培可能影响果树寿命和土壤健康。针对上述问题，本研究提出了加强技术推广与农民培训、优化设施设计与材料选择、提升设施栽培的经济效益与风险管理、强化设施栽培的可持续发展策略等对策。这一研究对于指导果树设施栽培实践、优化产业结构、提升竞争力具有重要的理论和实践意义。

关键词：果树设施栽培；现代林业技术；智能化；精准农业

APPLICATION OF FRUIT TREE FACILITY CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY UNDER MODERN FORESTRY TECHNOLOGY

ABSTRACT

With the development of modern agricultural technology, fruit tree facility cultivation, as a new cultivation method, has shown remarkable advantages in increasing fruit yield, improving quality and realizing annual supply. The purpose of this study is to explore the application status, problems and countermeasures of fruit tree facility cultivation technology under modern forestry technology, in order to provide technical support and policy suggestions for the sustainable development of fruit tree industry in China. This study defines the concept and classification of facility cultivation, and expounds the theoretical basis of facility cultivation of fruit trees from the aspects of environmental regulation, growth cycle management, soil and nutrient management. Although modern forestry technology has brought many opportunities for fruit tree facility cultivation, it still faces some problems, such as difficulties in technology popularization, cost control and economic benefits, environmental regulation challenges and long-term growth impacts. Specifically, the channels of technology promotion are not smooth and farmers' acceptance is not high; The initial investment of facility cultivation is large and the return period is long. In extreme weather conditions, environmental control is more difficult and disease and pest control is complicated. Long-term facility cultivation may affect fruit tree life and soil health. In response to the above problems, this study put forward countermeasures such as strengthening technology extension and farmer training, optimizing facility design and material selection, improving the economic benefit and risk management of facility cultivation, and strengthening the sustainable development strategy of facility cultivation. This research has important theoretical and practical significance for guiding fruit tree facility cultivation practice, optimizing industrial structure and enhancing competitiveness.

KEY WORDS：Fruit Tree Facility Cultivation; Modern Forestry Technology; Intelligent; Precision Agriculture

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章引言 2

第2章果树设施栽培理论基础 3

2.1 设施栽培定义与分类 3

2.2 果树设施栽培的环境调控 3

2.3 果树生长周期管理 3

2.4 设施栽培中的土壤与营养管理 4

第3章现代林业技术下果树设施栽培技术分析 5

3.1 智能化设施栽培技术的应用 5

3.2 新型设施材料的研发与应用 5