摘 要
电力系统中的暂态稳定分析与控制是确保电网安全、可靠运行的重要课题。随着电网规模的不断扩大和电力负荷的日益增加，电力系统在面临各种大扰动（如短路、断线、切机等）时，能否保持暂态稳定，直接关系到电网的整体性能和供电质量。本文深入探讨了电力系统中的暂态稳定分析与控制方法，旨在为提高电力系统的运行稳定性和可靠性提供理论支持和实践指导。本文概述了电力系统暂态稳定的基本概念及其重要性。暂态稳定是指电力系统在遭受大扰动后，能够保持各发电机组间同步运行，并恢复到新的稳定状态或恢复到原运行状态的能力。暂态稳定分析的主要目的是评估电力系统在大扰动下的稳定性，并制定相应的控制措施以防止系统失稳。本文详细分析了电力系统暂态稳定的影响因素和评估方法。影响因素主要包括发电机组的动态特性、输电线路的电气参数、负荷特性以及控制策略等。评估方法则包括时域仿真法、直接法、混合法、等面积法则（EEAC）以及人工智能法等。这些方法各有优缺点，适用于不同的电力系统规模和复杂程度。在控制策略方面，本文重点介绍了提高电力系统暂态稳定性的多种措施。这些措施包括快速切除故障和自动重合闸装置的应用、提高发电机输出的电磁功率（如强行励磁、快速气门控制等）、连锁切机以及采用先进的控制算法和智能控制技术等。这些措施通过优化电力系统的动态响应特性，提高系统的抗干扰能力和恢复能力，从而确保电力系统在遭受大扰动时能够保持暂态稳定。本文总结了电力系统暂态稳定分析与控制的研究进展和未来发展趋势。随着电网技术的不断发展和智能电网的建设推进，电力系统暂态稳定分析与控制将面临更多的挑战和机遇。未来研究将更加注重多机系统、复杂网络结构以及不确定性因素的考虑，并探索更加高效、准确、智能的暂态稳定分析与控制方法。
关键词：电力系统 暂态稳定 分析与控制
Abstract
The analysis and control of transient stability in power system is an important subject to ensure the safe and reliable operation of power grid. With the continuous expansion of the scale of the power grid and the increasing power load, whether the power system can maintain transient stability in the face of various large disturbances (such as short circuit, broken line, cutting machine, etc.) is directly related to the overall performance and power supply quality of the power grid. This paper discusses the transient stability analysis and control method in power system, aiming at providing theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the operation stability and reliability of power system. In this paper, the basic concept and importance of transient stability of power system are summarized. Transient stability refers to the ability of the power system to keep the synchronous operation of each generator set and restore to the new stable state or the original operating state after suffering a large disturbance. The main purpose of transient stability analysis is to evaluate the stability of power system under large disturbance and to formulate corresponding control measures to prevent system instability. In this paper, the influence factors and evaluation methods of transient stability of power system are analyzed in detail. The main influencing factors include dynamic characteristics of generator set, electrical parameters of transmission line, load characteristics and control strategy. The evaluation methods include time domain simulation method, direct method, mixed method, equal area rule (EEAC) and artificial intelligence method. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages and is suitable for different scale and complexity of power system. In terms of control strategy, this paper focuses on several measures to improve the transient stability of power system. These measures include the application of rapid fault cutting and automatic reclosing devices, increasing the electromagnetic power output of the generator (such as forced excitation, fast valve control, etc.), interlocking cutting machines, and the use of advanced control algorithms and intelligent control technology. These measures improve the anti-interference ability and recovery ability of the power system by optimizing the dynamic response characteristics of the power system, so as to ensure that the power system can maintain transient stability when it is subjected to large disturbances. This paper summarizes the research progress and future development trend of transient stability analysis and control of power systems. With the continuous development of power grid technology and the construction of smart grid, transient stability analysis and control of power system will face more challenges and opportunities. Future research will pay more attention to the consideration of multi-machine systems, complex network structures and uncertain factors, and explore more efficient, accurate and intelligent transient stability analysis and control methods.
Keyword:Electric power system Transient stability Analysis and control
目 录
1引言 1
2电力系统暂态稳定理论基础 1
2.1暂态稳定的概念与机理 1
2.2暂态稳定分析的方法 2
2.3暂态稳定控制技术 2
3电力系统暂态稳定控制实验 3
3.1实验系统搭建 3
3.2实验方案与实施步骤 3
3.3实验数据处理与分析 4
3.4实验的科学性与准确性分析 5
4电力系统暂态稳定控制策略 5
4.1主动控制策略 5
4.2被动控制策略 6
4.3控制策略的实施与评估 6
4.4控制策略的创新性与有效性分析 7
5结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 10
