摘 要
本文旨在探讨古代汉语与现代汉语在语法层面的差异，并分析这些差异的成因及其对汉语教学与研究的影响。文章首先概述了古代汉语与现代汉语语法的特点、分类，并回顾了古代汉语语法研究的历史与现状，明确了古代汉语语法研究的学术价值。在古代汉语语法概述部分，本文指出了古代汉语语法的灵活性和词类活用的广泛性，并讨论了其分类与研究现状。现代汉语语法概述部分则强调了现代汉语语法规范的稳定性和多样性，并探讨了规范化过程对现代汉语语法形成的影响。成因分析部分，本文从社会文化、语言内部机制、语言接触与借词以及语言政策与教育四个维度，深入探讨了语法差异的成因。社会文化因素如文化交流、社会变革对语法演变有重要影响；语言内部发展机制，如语法化进程，也是推动语法演变的关键因素；语言接触与借词现象对方言及古汉语语法产生了显著影响；语言政策与教育在语言规范化和传承中起到了决定性作用。
关键词：古代汉语；现代汉语；语法差异；语言演变
Comparison Of Grammatical Differences Between Ancient Chinese And Modern Chinese
英文姓名
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Abstract：This paper aims to explore the grammatical differences between ancient Chinese and modern Chinese, and analyze the causes of these differences and their impact on Chinese teaching and research. This paper first summarizes the characteristics and classification of ancient Chinese and modern Chinese grammar, reviews the history and present situation of ancient Chinese grammar research, and clarifies the academic value of ancient Chinese grammar research. In the part of the overview of ancient Chinese grammar, this paper points out the flexibility of ancient Chinese grammar and the extensibility of word classes, and discusses its classification and research status. The introduction of modern Chinese grammar emphasizes the stability and diversity of modern Chinese grammar norms, and probes into the influence of normalization process on the formation of modern Chinese grammar. In the part of causes analysis, this paper discusses the causes of grammatical differences from four dimensions: social culture, internal mechanism of language, language contact and loanwords, language policy and education. Social and cultural factors such as cultural exchange and social change have important effects on grammar evolution. The internal development mechanism of language, such as the grammaticalization process, is also the key factor to promote the evolution of grammar. Language contact and loanword phenomenon have a significant impact on the spoken language and ancient Chinese grammar. Language policy and education play a decisive role in language standardization and inheritance.
Key words: Ancient Chinese; Modern Chinese; Grammatical Differences; Language Evolution
目 录
一、引言 1
二、古代汉语语法概述 1
（一）古代汉语语法的特点 1
（二）古代汉语语法的分类 1
（三）古代汉语语法研究的历史与现状 2
三、现代汉语语法概述 2
（一）现代汉语语法的特点 2
（二）现代汉语语法的分类 3
（三）现代汉语语法的规范化过程 3
四、古代汉语与现代汉语语法差异分析 3
（一）词类与词序的比较 3
（二）句法结构的对比 4
（三）句式与句型的比较 4
（四）语法手段与表达功能的演变 5
五、语法差异的成因分析 5
（一）社会文化因素对语法演变的影响 5
（二）语言内部发展机制的作用 6
（三）语言接触与借词现象 6
（四）语言政策与教育的作用 6
结论 7
参考文献 7
致谢 8
