摘 要
在现代制造业中，精密机械加工技术占据核心地位，尤其在航空航天、汽车制造、电子信息等高科技领域，其应用尤为广泛。然而，随着加工精度和效率要求的不断提高，振动问题逐渐凸显，成为制约精密机械加工技术发展的关键因素。振动不仅影响加工件的表面质量和尺寸精度，还可能导致机床和刀具的过早磨损，进而增加生产成本、降低设备使用寿命。因此，深入探究精密机械加工中的振动控制问题，并提出有效的减振策略，对于提升加工质量、效率和稳定性具有重要意义。本文针对精密机械加工中的振动控制问题进行了深入研究，分析了设备自身振动、加工工艺引起的振动、环境与外部振动影响以及控制系统不精确等主要问题。在此基础上，提出了包括设备结构优化、改进设备设计、实现动力平衡、工艺参数调整、环境与隔振措施以及提升控制系统性能等一系列减振策略。通过理论分析和实验验证，本文所提出的减振策略能够有效减小精密机械加工过程中的振动，提高加工精度、效率和稳定性。
关键词：精密机械加工；振动控制；减振策略；智能材料
Abstract
In the modern manufacturing industry, precision machining technology occupies the core position, especially in the aerospace, automotive manufacturing, electronic information and other high-tech fields, its application is particularly extensive. However, with the continuous improvement of machining accuracy and efficiency requirements, the vibration problem has gradually become prominent, which has become a key factor restricting the development of precision machining technology. Vibration not only affects the surface quality and dimensional precision of the machining parts, but also may lead to the premature wear of the machine tools and cutting tools, which further increases the production cost and reduces the service life of the equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to deeply explore the vibration control problems in precision machining and propose effective vibration reduction strategies to improve the processing quality, efficiency and stability. This paper studies the vibration control problem in precision machining, analyzes the main problems of equipment itself, the vibration caused by processing process, environmental and external vibration influence and imprecise control system. On this basis, a series of vibration reduction strategies are proposed, including equipment structure optimization, equipment design improvement, power balance realization, process parameters adjustment, environment and vibration isolation measures, and control system performance improvement. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the vibration reduction strategy proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the vibration during precision machining and improve the machining precision, efficiency and stability.
Key words: Precision machining; vibration control; vibration reduction strategy; intelligent materials
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、相关理论概述 2
1.1、精密机械加工技术 2
1.2、振动控制基础理论 2
第2章、精密机械加工中的振动控制问题 3
2.1、设备自身振动问题 3
2.2、加工工艺引起的振动 3
2.3、环境与外部振动影响问题 4
2.4、控制系统不精确 4
第3章、精密机械加工中振动控制的减振策略 6
3.1、设备结构优化 6
3.2、工艺参数调整 6
3.3、环境与隔振措施 7
3.4、提升控制系统性能 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
在现代制造业中，精密机械加工技术占据核心地位，尤其在航空航天、汽车制造、电子信息等高科技领域，其应用尤为广泛。然而，随着加工精度和效率要求的不断提高，振动问题逐渐凸显，成为制约精密机械加工技术发展的关键因素。振动不仅影响加工件的表面质量和尺寸精度，还可能导致机床和刀具的过早磨损，进而增加生产成本、降低设备使用寿命。因此，深入探究精密机械加工中的振动控制问题，并提出有效的减振策略，对于提升加工质量、效率和稳定性具有重要意义。本文针对精密机械加工中的振动控制问题进行了深入研究，分析了设备自身振动、加工工艺引起的振动、环境与外部振动影响以及控制系统不精确等主要问题。在此基础上，提出了包括设备结构优化、改进设备设计、实现动力平衡、工艺参数调整、环境与隔振措施以及提升控制系统性能等一系列减振策略。通过理论分析和实验验证，本文所提出的减振策略能够有效减小精密机械加工过程中的振动，提高加工精度、效率和稳定性。
关键词：精密机械加工；振动控制；减振策略；智能材料
Abstract
In the modern manufacturing industry, precision machining technology occupies the core position, especially in the aerospace, automotive manufacturing, electronic information and other high-tech fields, its application is particularly extensive. However, with the continuous improvement of machining accuracy and efficiency requirements, the vibration problem has gradually become prominent, which has become a key factor restricting the development of precision machining technology. Vibration not only affects the surface quality and dimensional precision of the machining parts, but also may lead to the premature wear of the machine tools and cutting tools, which further increases the production cost and reduces the service life of the equipment. Therefore, it is of great significance to deeply explore the vibration control problems in precision machining and propose effective vibration reduction strategies to improve the processing quality, efficiency and stability. This paper studies the vibration control problem in precision machining, analyzes the main problems of equipment itself, the vibration caused by processing process, environmental and external vibration influence and imprecise control system. On this basis, a series of vibration reduction strategies are proposed, including equipment structure optimization, equipment design improvement, power balance realization, process parameters adjustment, environment and vibration isolation measures, and control system performance improvement. Through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, the vibration reduction strategy proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the vibration during precision machining and improve the machining precision, efficiency and stability.
Key words: Precision machining; vibration control; vibration reduction strategy; intelligent materials
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目 录 III
引 言 1
第1章、相关理论概述 2
1.1、精密机械加工技术 2
1.2、振动控制基础理论 2
第2章、精密机械加工中的振动控制问题 3
2.1、设备自身振动问题 3
2.2、加工工艺引起的振动 3
2.3、环境与外部振动影响问题 4
2.4、控制系统不精确 4
第3章、精密机械加工中振动控制的减振策略 6
3.1、设备结构优化 6
3.2、工艺参数调整 6
3.3、环境与隔振措施 7
3.4、提升控制系统性能 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
