无人驾驶拖拉机在农田作业中的应用研究
摘 要
随着科技的进步和智能化技术的广泛应用，无人驾驶技术正逐步渗透到各行各业，农业领域也不例外。无人驾驶拖拉机作为现代农业机械化的重要发展方向，其在农田作业中的应用日益受到关注。本研究对无人驾驶拖拉机的技术基础进行了详细阐述，包括自动驾驶系统的组成、导航与定位技术的应用等方面。在此基础上，对无人驾驶拖拉机的经济效益进行了全面分析，包括投资成本、运行效益、成本回收期以及市场前景等方面。研究结果显示，无人驾驶拖拉机虽然初期投资成本较高，但其在提高作业效率、降低人力成本、优化作业精度等方面的优势显著，能够在较短时间内实现成本回收。进一步地，本研究深入探讨了无人驾驶拖拉机在农田作业中的具体应用，包括耕作与种植作业、田间管理作业、收割与运输作业等，并对其作业效果进行了评估。研究结果表明，无人驾驶拖拉机在农田作业中表现出色，能够有效提升农业生产效率和质量，为农业生产的智能化、自动化发展提供了有力支持。
关键词：无人驾驶拖拉机；农田作业；自主导航
RESEARCH ON THE APPLICATION OF UNMANNED TRACTOR IN FARMLAND OPERATION
ABSTRACT
With the progress of science and technology and the wide application of intelligent technology, driverless technology is gradually infiltrating into all walks of life, and the agricultural field is no exception. As an important development direction of modern agricultural mechanization, the application of driverless tractor in farmland operation has attracted increasing attention. This study detailed the technical basis of driverless tractor, including the composition of autonomous driving system and the application of navigation and positioning technology. On this basis, the economic benefits of driverless tractor are comprehensively analyzed, including investment cost, operation benefit, cost recovery period and market prospect. The research results show that although the initial investment cost of driverless tractor is relatively high, it has significant advantages in improving operation efficiency, reducing labor cost and optimizing operation accuracy, and can realize cost recovery in a relatively short time. Further, this study explores the specific applications of unmanned tractors in farmland operations, including farming and planting operations, field management operations, harvesting and transportation operations, and evaluates the effects of the operation. The research results show that unmanned tractors perform well in farmland operation, which can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production, and provide strong support for the intelligent and automatic development of agricultural production.
KEY WORDS：Unmanned tractor; field operation; autonomous navigation
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 无人驾驶拖拉机的技术基础 2
2.1 自动驾驶系统组成 2
2.2 导航与定位技术 2
第3章 无人驾驶拖拉机的经济效益分析 4
3.1 投资成本分析 4
3.2 运行效益评估 4
3.3 成本回收期预测 4
3.4 市场前景分析 5
第4章 无人驾驶拖拉机的农田作业应用 6
4.1 耕作与种植作业 6
4.2 田间管理作业 6
4.3 收割与运输作业 7
4.4 作业效果评估 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
