小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力培养研究
摘 要
本文旨在探讨当前小学低年级学生在数学问题解决能力方面存在的不足，并提出相应的培养策略。文章首先明确了数学问题解决能力的概念与内涵，强调了其在数学学习及未来发展中的重要性。随后，基于认知发展理论，分析了小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力的发展特点与影响因素。本文揭示了小学低年级学生在数学问题解决过程中普遍存在的问题，针对这些问题，本文提出了系统性的培养策略，包括强化问题识别与理解能力、培养多样化的解题策略与应用能力、提升解题过程中的自我监控与调整能力，以及巩固数学知识基础、完善知识网络。本文的研究不仅有助于教师更好地理解和把握小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力的发展规律，也为提高小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力提供了切实可行的指导方案。
关键词：小学低年级；数学问题解决能力；认知发展理论；知识网络
Research on mathematics problem solving ability cultivation of junior students in primary school
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the shortcomings of mathematical problem solving ability in lower grades of primary schools and propose corresponding training strategies. The paper first clarifies the concept and connotation of mathematical problem solving ability, and emphasizes its importance in mathematics learning and future development. Then, based on the cognitive development theory, the development characteristics and influencing factors of the mathematical problem-solving ability of the lower grade of primary school students are analyzed. This paper reveals the elementary school students in mathematical problem solving problems, for these problems, this paper puts forward the systematic training strategy, including strengthening the problem identification and understanding, cultivate diversified problem solving strategies and application ability, improve the ability of problem solving, and consolidate the mathematical knowledge base, improve the knowledge network. The research in this paper not only helps teachers to better understand and grasp the development law of mathematical problem solving ability of students in lower primary school grades, but also provides practical guidance programs for improving the mathematical problem solving ability of students in lower primary school.
Keywords:Primary grade; mathematical problem solving ability; cognitive development theory; knowledge network
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 III
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 2
（三）研究目的和内容 3
二、理论基础 4
（一）数学问题解决能力的定义 4
（二）数学问题解决能力的重要性 4
（三）皮亚杰认知发展理论的应用 5
三、小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力存在的不足 6
（一）问题识别与理解能力的欠缺 6
（二）策略选择与应用能力的不足 6
（三）解题过程中的自我监控与调整能力缺失 7
（四）数学知识基础薄弱对问题解决能力的制约 8
四、小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力培养策略 9
（一）强化问题识别与理解能力 9
（二）培养多样化的解题策略与应用能力 9
（三）提升解题过程中的自我监控与调整能力 10
（四）巩固数学知识基础，完善知识网络 11
五、结论与展望 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
摘 要
本文旨在探讨当前小学低年级学生在数学问题解决能力方面存在的不足，并提出相应的培养策略。文章首先明确了数学问题解决能力的概念与内涵，强调了其在数学学习及未来发展中的重要性。随后，基于认知发展理论，分析了小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力的发展特点与影响因素。本文揭示了小学低年级学生在数学问题解决过程中普遍存在的问题，针对这些问题，本文提出了系统性的培养策略，包括强化问题识别与理解能力、培养多样化的解题策略与应用能力、提升解题过程中的自我监控与调整能力，以及巩固数学知识基础、完善知识网络。本文的研究不仅有助于教师更好地理解和把握小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力的发展规律，也为提高小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力提供了切实可行的指导方案。
关键词：小学低年级；数学问题解决能力；认知发展理论；知识网络
Research on mathematics problem solving ability cultivation of junior students in primary school
Abstract
This paper aims to explore the shortcomings of mathematical problem solving ability in lower grades of primary schools and propose corresponding training strategies. The paper first clarifies the concept and connotation of mathematical problem solving ability, and emphasizes its importance in mathematics learning and future development. Then, based on the cognitive development theory, the development characteristics and influencing factors of the mathematical problem-solving ability of the lower grade of primary school students are analyzed. This paper reveals the elementary school students in mathematical problem solving problems, for these problems, this paper puts forward the systematic training strategy, including strengthening the problem identification and understanding, cultivate diversified problem solving strategies and application ability, improve the ability of problem solving, and consolidate the mathematical knowledge base, improve the knowledge network. The research in this paper not only helps teachers to better understand and grasp the development law of mathematical problem solving ability of students in lower primary school grades, but also provides practical guidance programs for improving the mathematical problem solving ability of students in lower primary school.
Keywords:Primary grade; mathematical problem solving ability; cognitive development theory; knowledge network
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
目 录 III
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景及意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状 2
（三）研究目的和内容 3
二、理论基础 4
（一）数学问题解决能力的定义 4
（二）数学问题解决能力的重要性 4
（三）皮亚杰认知发展理论的应用 5
三、小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力存在的不足 6
（一）问题识别与理解能力的欠缺 6
（二）策略选择与应用能力的不足 6
（三）解题过程中的自我监控与调整能力缺失 7
（四）数学知识基础薄弱对问题解决能力的制约 8
四、小学低年级学生数学问题解决能力培养策略 9
（一）强化问题识别与理解能力 9
（二）培养多样化的解题策略与应用能力 9
（三）提升解题过程中的自我监控与调整能力 10
（四）巩固数学知识基础，完善知识网络 11
五、结论与展望 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
