BIM技术在装配式建筑工程中的应用研究

摘要

装配式建筑作为一种新型的建筑方式，以其高效率、高质量、低能耗等优势逐渐受到广泛关注。装配式建筑采用工厂化生产方式，通过预制构件的现场组装，实现了建筑设计与施工的高效协同，大大提高了建筑项目的整体效率和质量。本研究主要探讨了BIM（Building Information Modeling）技术在装配式建筑全生命周期中的应用，包括设计、施工和运营维护阶段。首先，对BIM技术的定义、发展历程和核心功能进行了概述，揭示了BIM技术在建筑行业中的重要性和应用潜力。接着，介绍了装配式建筑的概念和发展概况，强调了装配式建筑在现代建筑行业中的优势。然后，详细分析了BIM技术在装配式建筑工程设计阶段的应用，包括三维建模、碰撞检测、参数化设计与优化以及设计阶段的协同工作，旨在提高设计效率和质量。在施工阶段，BIM技术用于施工模拟、进度管理、施工现场管理、预制构件安装指导以及施工质量与安全管理，以实现施工过程的优化。最后，探讨了BIM技术在运营维护阶段的应用，包括建筑物信息管理、维修计划与预测、能源管理与节能优化以及运营维护阶段的协同管理，为建筑物的全生命周期管理提供了有力支持。本研究旨在推动BIM技术在装配式建筑中的应用，促进建筑行业的可持续发展。

关键词：BIM技术；装配式建筑；设计阶段；施工阶段

Abstract

Prefabricated construction, as a new type of construction method, has gradually gained widespread attention due to its advantages of high efficiency, high quality, and low energy consumption. Prefabricated buildings adopt a factory production method, which achieves efficient collaboration between architectural design and construction through on-site assembly of prefabricated components, greatly improving the overall efficiency and quality of building projects. This study mainly explores the application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology in the entire lifecycle of prefabricated buildings, including the design, construction, and operation and maintenance stages. Firstly, an overview of the definition, development history, and core functions of BIM technology was provided, revealing its importance and potential applications in the construction industry. Next, the concept and development overview of prefabricated buildings were introduced, emphasizing the advantages of prefabricated buildings in the modern construction industry. Then, a detailed analysis was conducted on the application of BIM technology in the design phase of prefabricated building engineering, including 3D modeling, collision detection, parametric design and optimization, and collaborative work during the design phase, aiming to improve design efficiency and quality. During the construction phase, BIM technology is used for construction simulation, schedule management, construction site management, prefabricated component installation guidance, and construction quality and safety management to achieve optimization of the construction process. Finally, the application of BIM technology in the operation and maintenance phase was discussed, including building information management, maintenance planning and prediction, energy management and energy-saving optimization, and collaborative management in the operation and maintenance phase, providing strong support for the full lifecycle management of buildings. This study aims to promote the application of BIM technology in prefabricated buildings and promote the sustainable development of the construction industry.

Keywords: BIM technology; Prefabricated buildings; Design phase; construction stage

目录

一、绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 研究目的及内容 2
二、BIM技术概述 3
2.1 BIM技术定义 3
2.2 BIM技术发展历程 3
2.2.1 理论奠基与初步应用 3
2.2.2 技术发展与突破 3
2.2.3 成熟应用与广泛推广 4
2.3 BIM技术核心功能 4
2.3.1 三维建模与可视化 4
2.3.2 参数化设计与管理 4
2.3.3 碰撞检测与施工模拟 4
2.3.4 进度管理与成本控制 5
三、装配式建筑概述 5
3.1 装配式建筑概念 5
3.1.1 定义与特点 5
3.1.2 主要类型 5
3.2 装配式建筑发展概况 6
3.2.1 早期起源与初步发展 6
3.2.2 中国装配式建筑的发展历程 6
四、BIM技术在装配式建筑工程设计阶段的应用 6
4.1 三维建模与碰撞检测 6
4.2 参数化设计与优化 7
4.3 预制构件信息管理 7
4.4 设计阶段的协同工作 8
五、BIM技术在装配式建筑工程施工阶段的应用 8
5.1 施工模拟与进度管理 8
5.2 施工现场管理 9
5.3 预制构件安装指导 10
5.4 施工质量与安全管理 10
六、BIM技术在装配式建筑工程运营维护阶段的应用 11
6.1 建筑物信息管理 11
6.2 维修计划与预测 11
6.3 能源管理与节能优化 12
6.4 运营维护阶段的协同管理 12
七、结论 13
参考文献 14
 

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