公路桥梁施工中的软土地基施工技术探讨

摘要

在土木工程建设中，软土地基的处理是一个至关重要的环节。软土地基的工程地质特性包括其独特的组成与性质，如高含水率、低强度、高压缩性等，这些特性使得软土地基在承受上部结构荷载时易发生变形和失稳。此外，软土地基的分布广泛，成因多样，如河流冲积、海洋沉积等，这些地质背景也影响着软土地基的工程特性。在软土地基施工过程中，主要面临稳定性问题、沉降变形问题和渗透性问题等难点。稳定性问题主要涉及地基在承受荷载时的稳定性，沉降变形问题则关注地基在荷载作用下的沉降变形量，而渗透性问题则涉及地基土的渗透性能和排水条件。这些难点对工程的顺利进行和长期稳定性构成了挑战。为了解决这些难点，本文探讨了四种主要的软土地基施工技术：换填法、排水固结法、桩基法和复合地基法。换填法通过挖除部分软土并用性能良好的材料回填，提高地基的承载力和稳定性。排水固结法则通过在地基中设置排水系统和施加预压荷载，加速地基的固结过程，提高地基的承载力和稳定性。桩基法则通过设置桩基将荷载传递给下部坚硬土层，提高地基的承载力。复合地基法则通过在地基中设置增强体，与原地基土共同承担荷载，形成复合地基，提高地基的承载力和稳定性。这些技术各有特点，适用于不同的地质条件和工程需求。

关键词：软土地基；沉降变形；渗透性问题；复合地基法

Abstract

In civil engineering construction, the treatment of soft soil foundation is a crucial link. The engineering geological characteristics of soft soil foundation include its unique composition and properties, such as high water content, low strength, high compressibility, etc. These characteristics make soft soil foundation prone to deformation and instability when subjected to upper structural loads. In addition, soft soil foundations are widely distributed and have diverse causes, such as river alluvial deposits, marine sediments, etc. These geological backgrounds also affect the engineering characteristics of soft soil foundations. In the construction process of soft soil foundation, the main challenges are stability issues, settlement deformation issues, and permeability issues. Stability issues mainly involve the stability of the foundation under load, settlement deformation issues focus on the settlement deformation of the foundation under load, and permeability issues involve the permeability performance and drainage conditions of the foundation soil. These difficulties pose challenges to the smooth progress and long-term stability of the project. In order to solve these difficulties, this article explores four main construction techniques for soft soil foundations: replacement method, drainage consolidation method, pile foundation method, and composite foundation method. The replacement method improves the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation by excavating some soft soil and backfilling it with high-performance materials. The drainage consolidation law accelerates the consolidation process of the foundation by setting up a drainage system and applying preloading loads in the foundation, improving the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation. The pile foundation rule transfers loads to the lower hard soil layer by setting up pile foundations, improving the bearing capacity of the foundation. The composite foundation rule involves setting reinforcement elements in the foundation to jointly bear the load with the original soil, forming a composite foundation and improving the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation. These technologies each have their own characteristics and are suitable for different geological conditions and engineering needs.

Keywords: Soft soil foundation; Settlement deformation; Permeability issues; Composite foundation method

目录

一、绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 研究目的及内容 2
二、软土地基的工程地质特性 3
2.1 软土地基的组成与性质 3
2.1.1 软土地基的组成 3
2.1.2 软土地基的性质 3
2.2 软土地基的分布与成因 4
2.2.1 软土地基的分布 4
2.2.2 软土地基的成因 4
2.3 软土地基的工程特性 5
2.3.1 流变特性 5
2.3.2 压缩性强 5
2.3.3 地震敏感性 5
三、软土地基施工的主要难点 6
3.1 稳定性问题 6
3.2 沉降变形问题 6
3.3 渗透性问题 7
四、软土地基施工技术探讨 8
4.1 换填法 8
4.2 排水固结法 9
4.3 桩基法 9
4.4 复合地基法 10
五、结论 11
参考文献 12

扫码免登录支付

原创文章，限1人购买！

是否支付31元后完整阅读并下载？

如果您已购买过该文章，[登录帐号]后即可查看

已售出的文章系统将自动删除，他人无法查看

阅读并同意：范文仅用于学习参考，不得作为毕业、发表使用。

支付31元