小学数学问题解决能力培养研究
摘要
本研究主要探讨了小学数学问题解决能力的培养问题。在当前教育背景下，培养小学生的数学问题解决能力至关重要，它不仅关乎学生的数学学科成绩，更影响着学生的逻辑思维能力和未来解决问题的能力。小学数学问题解决能力包含了对数学问题的识别、理解、分析和解决的能力，具有基础性与渐进性、实践性与应用性、多样性与创新性等特点。这一能力的培养不仅有助于提升学生的数学成绩，还能增强学生的逻辑思维能力和创新能力，为学生未来的学习和生活奠定坚实的基础。在实际教学中，小学数学问题解决能力的培养存在一些问题，如学生缺乏实际操作能力、学习方法不科学、学习缺乏趣味性以及缺乏多样化的解题思路等。针对这些问题，本研究提出了相应的培养策略。通过举例、做题等方式引导学生进行实际操作，增强学生对数学问题的理解和解决能力；建立正确的学习方法，如制定学习计划、总结学习经验等，帮助学生更好地掌握数学知识；利用教学软件和游戏等增强学习的趣味性，提高学生的学习积极性；注重思维训练和启发式教学，培养学生的逻辑思维能力和创新能力。通过实施这些策略，可以有效提升小学生的数学问题解决能力，为学生的全面发展奠定坚实的基础。本研究对于小学数学教学的改进具有一定的指导意义，同时也为相关领域的研究提供了新的思路和方法。
关键词：小学数学；问题解决能力；培养策略；教学改进
Abstract
This study mainly discusses the cultivation of mathematical problem-solving ability in primary school. Under the current educational background, it is very important to cultivate the mathematical problem solving ability of primary school students, which is not only related to the scores of students' mathematics subjects, but also affects their logical thinking ability and future problem solving ability. The mathematical problem solving ability of primary school includes the ability to identify, understand, analyze and solve mathematical problems, which is basic and progressive, practical and applied, diverse and innovative. The cultivation of this ability not only helps to improve students' math scores, but also enhances students' logical thinking ability and innovation ability, laying a solid foundation for students' future study and life. In practical teaching, there are some problems in the cultivation of mathematical problem-solving ability in primary school, such as the lack of practical operation ability, the unscientific learning method, the lack of interest in learning and the lack of diversified problem-solving ideas. In view of these problems, this study puts forward the corresponding training strategies. Through examples, problems and other ways to guide students to carry out practical operations, enhance students to understand and solve mathematical problems; Establish correct learning methods, such as making learning plans, summing up learning experience, etc., to help students better grasp mathematical knowledge; The use of teaching software and games to enhance the fun of learning, improve students' learning enthusiasm; Focus on thinking training and heuristic teaching to cultivate students' logical thinking ability and innovative ability. Through the implementation of these strategies, we can effectively improve the mathematical problem solving ability of primary school students and lay a solid foundation for the all-round development of students. This study has certain guiding significance for the improvement of primary school mathematics teaching, and also provides new ideas and methods for the research of related fields.
Key words: primary school mathematics; Problem solving ability; Training strategy; Teaching improvement
目录
一、绪论 5
1.1 研究背景与意义 5
1.2 国内外研究现状 5
1.3 研究目的与问题 6
二、小学数学问题解决能力的内涵与特点 6
2.1 小学数学问题解决能力的定义 6
2.2 小学数学问题解决能力的特点 7
2.2.1 基础性与渐进性 7
2.2.2 实践性与应用性 7
2.2.3 多样性与创新性 8
2.3 小学数学问题解决能力的重要性 8
三、小学数学问题解决能力培养存在问题 9
3.1 缺乏实际操作能力 9
3.2 学习方法不科学 9
3.3 缺乏趣味性 10
3.4 缺乏多样化的解题思路 10
四、小学数学问题解决能力培养的策略 11
4.1 通过举例、做题等方式引导实际操作 11
4.2 建立正确的学习方法 11
4.3 利用教学软件和游戏增强趣味 12
4.4 注重思维训练和启发式教学 12
五、结论 12
参考文献 14
致谢 14
摘要
本研究主要探讨了小学数学问题解决能力的培养问题。在当前教育背景下，培养小学生的数学问题解决能力至关重要，它不仅关乎学生的数学学科成绩，更影响着学生的逻辑思维能力和未来解决问题的能力。小学数学问题解决能力包含了对数学问题的识别、理解、分析和解决的能力，具有基础性与渐进性、实践性与应用性、多样性与创新性等特点。这一能力的培养不仅有助于提升学生的数学成绩，还能增强学生的逻辑思维能力和创新能力，为学生未来的学习和生活奠定坚实的基础。在实际教学中，小学数学问题解决能力的培养存在一些问题，如学生缺乏实际操作能力、学习方法不科学、学习缺乏趣味性以及缺乏多样化的解题思路等。针对这些问题，本研究提出了相应的培养策略。通过举例、做题等方式引导学生进行实际操作，增强学生对数学问题的理解和解决能力；建立正确的学习方法，如制定学习计划、总结学习经验等，帮助学生更好地掌握数学知识；利用教学软件和游戏等增强学习的趣味性，提高学生的学习积极性；注重思维训练和启发式教学，培养学生的逻辑思维能力和创新能力。通过实施这些策略，可以有效提升小学生的数学问题解决能力，为学生的全面发展奠定坚实的基础。本研究对于小学数学教学的改进具有一定的指导意义，同时也为相关领域的研究提供了新的思路和方法。
关键词：小学数学；问题解决能力；培养策略；教学改进
Abstract
This study mainly discusses the cultivation of mathematical problem-solving ability in primary school. Under the current educational background, it is very important to cultivate the mathematical problem solving ability of primary school students, which is not only related to the scores of students' mathematics subjects, but also affects their logical thinking ability and future problem solving ability. The mathematical problem solving ability of primary school includes the ability to identify, understand, analyze and solve mathematical problems, which is basic and progressive, practical and applied, diverse and innovative. The cultivation of this ability not only helps to improve students' math scores, but also enhances students' logical thinking ability and innovation ability, laying a solid foundation for students' future study and life. In practical teaching, there are some problems in the cultivation of mathematical problem-solving ability in primary school, such as the lack of practical operation ability, the unscientific learning method, the lack of interest in learning and the lack of diversified problem-solving ideas. In view of these problems, this study puts forward the corresponding training strategies. Through examples, problems and other ways to guide students to carry out practical operations, enhance students to understand and solve mathematical problems; Establish correct learning methods, such as making learning plans, summing up learning experience, etc., to help students better grasp mathematical knowledge; The use of teaching software and games to enhance the fun of learning, improve students' learning enthusiasm; Focus on thinking training and heuristic teaching to cultivate students' logical thinking ability and innovative ability. Through the implementation of these strategies, we can effectively improve the mathematical problem solving ability of primary school students and lay a solid foundation for the all-round development of students. This study has certain guiding significance for the improvement of primary school mathematics teaching, and also provides new ideas and methods for the research of related fields.
Key words: primary school mathematics; Problem solving ability; Training strategy; Teaching improvement
目录
一、绪论 5
1.1 研究背景与意义 5
1.2 国内外研究现状 5
1.3 研究目的与问题 6
二、小学数学问题解决能力的内涵与特点 6
2.1 小学数学问题解决能力的定义 6
2.2 小学数学问题解决能力的特点 7
2.2.1 基础性与渐进性 7
2.2.2 实践性与应用性 7
2.2.3 多样性与创新性 8
2.3 小学数学问题解决能力的重要性 8
三、小学数学问题解决能力培养存在问题 9
3.1 缺乏实际操作能力 9
3.2 学习方法不科学 9
3.3 缺乏趣味性 10
3.4 缺乏多样化的解题思路 10
四、小学数学问题解决能力培养的策略 11
4.1 通过举例、做题等方式引导实际操作 11
4.2 建立正确的学习方法 11
4.3 利用教学软件和游戏增强趣味 12
4.4 注重思维训练和启发式教学 12
五、结论 12
参考文献 14
致谢 14
